POMEN IN VLOGA SREDNJEVEŠKIH GRADOV V SPODNJI SAVINJSKI DOLINI

Ožek, Katja

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Title:	POMEN IN VLOGA SREDNJEVEŠKIH GRADOV V SPODNJI SAVINJSKI DOLINI
Authors:	ID Ožek, Katja (Author) ID Ravnikar, Anton (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UNI_Ozek_Katja_2014.pdf (1,81 MB) MD5: A963E2096ADA097A9C33B1E9E31F4BEF
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Undergraduate thesis
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:	V diplomski nalogi so predstavljeni srednjeveški gradovi v Spodnji Savinjski dolini ter družine, ki so na njih bivale oziroma jih imele v lasti. V prvem delu smo s proučevanjem virov in literature prišli do ugotovitve stanja gradov v srednjem veku, njihove strateške vloge, odnosov med plemiškimi družinami, političnimi ambicijami ter vzponi in propadi posameznih družin na področju Spodnje Savinjske doline. Na terenu pa smo spoznali dejansko stanje gradov v današnjem času in to s fotografijami tudi dokumentirali. Ugotovili smo, da se je začela mreža gradov gostiti v 12. in 13. stoletju na račun ministerialnih gradov. Pri gradnji je bila zelo pomembna izbira lokacije, ki je zagotavljala varnost. Zlasti pri najstarejših gradovih opažamo, da so bili postavljeni na prepadnih stenah, vrhovih hribov s strmimi pobočji, predvsem pa tam, kjer je bil dostop zelo težaven. Velikost gradov pa je bila vedno odvisna od položaja grajskega gospoda. Pri nastajanju gradov sta bila odločilna deželno-obrambni in gospodarsko-strateški pomen. Želja plemstva je bila širiti svoje ozemlje in oblast. Nekaterim se je to uresničilo s političnimi kupčijami, porokami ali pa boji. V Spodnji Savinjski dolini je prevladovala mešana družba različnih gospodov in njihovih družin. Zaradi strateške pomembnosti omenjenega ozemlja je prihajalo v 14. stoletju do boja za prevlado med različnimi dinastijami in gospodi. To se je kazalo v vojni za vovbrško dediščino kot alodifikacijo žovneških in cerkvenih gospostev s strani deželnega kneza od leta 1308 naprej ter fajdami med Ptujskimi in Celjskimi. Največ gradov so z dedovanjem in širitvijo posesti pridobili gospodje Žovneški, kasnejši grofje Celjski. Nobena druga srednjeveška rodbina vse do prevlade Habsburžanov okrog leta 1500 ni neposredno obvladovala tako velikega ozemlja današnje Slovenije kot grofje Celjski. V diplomski nalogi je opisan tudi vzpon, moč ter propad Celjskih, ki je bil povezan s smrtjo zadnjega Celjana Ulrika II. leta 1456. Tedaj je ogromna posest prešla v roke Habsburžanov, ti pa se za gradove niso zanimali, zato so začeli propadati. Danes so od nekaterih ostale le ruševine, redki izmed njih pa dobivajo novo podobo.
Keywords:	grad, plemiči, ministeriali, gospodje Žovneški, grofje Celjski.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[K. Ožek]
Year of publishing:	2014
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-44201
UDC:	728.81(497.4)(091)(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	20592392
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:PDZ8VBCY
Publication date in DKUM:	12.06.2014
Views:	3733
Downloads:	489
Metadata:
Categories:	FF Misc.
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	The Importance and Role of Medieval Castles in the Lower Savinja Valley
Abstract:	This thesis presents the medieval castles in the Lower Savinja Valley and the families who had resided in them or owned them once. In the first part the sources and literature were examined in order to establish the state of the castles in the Middle Ages, their strategic roles, the relations between the nobilities, political ambitions and the rise and decline of individual families in the Lower Savinja Valley. In the field, the actual state of the castles today was established and documented with photographs. The network of castles became more compact in the 12th and 13th centuries at the expense of ministerial castles. In their building the choice of location was very important, providing for security. In particular, the oldest castles are observed to have been built on cliffs, on the tops of hills with steep slopes, and, especially in places that were hardly accessible. The size of castles was always depenent of the situation of the castle nobleman. At the castle erection the defence of the country, and their economic and strategic importance were crucial. The desire of the nobility was to expand its territory and power. In order to achieve this aim some resorted either to political bargains, marriages or fights. In the Lower Savinja Valley the mixture of various noblemen and their families prevailed. Due to the strategic importance of the said territory in the 14th century the struggles between various dynasties and noblemen took place. This was reflected in the war for the heritage of Vovberg as alodification of the nobility of Žovnek and ecclesiastical noblemen, by the provincial ruler from 1308 onwards and the feudal relations of the counts of Ptuj and the counts of Celje. Most castles were acquired by inheritance and expansion of the property acquired by the noblemen of Žovnek, the later Counts of Celje. No other medieval family up to the domination of the Habsburgs around the year 1500 did directly manage such a large territory of the present-day Slovenia as the Counts of Celje . In the thesis the rise, power and the fall of the Counts of Celje is described, which were connected with the death of the last Count of Celje, Ulrich II, in the year 1456. Then the huge estate was transferred to the Habsburgs, which were not interested in the castles, so they started to deteriorate. Today, only ruins of some of them have remained, and very few of them are getting a new image.
Keywords:	castle, the nobles, ministerials, the family of Žovnek, the Counts of Celje.

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