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Title:DOLOČITEV POVRŠINSKE NAPETOSTI Z METODO KAPILARNEGA DVIGA DVOFAZNIH SISTEMOV
Authors:ID Kravanja, Gregor (Author)
ID Knez, Željko (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Škerget, Mojca (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Kravanja_Gregor_2014.pdf (4,89 MB)
MD5: 4277142C2979D7588D127F388046196B
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Namen magistrske naloge je bil postavitev merilne naprave in razvoj nove metode merjenja površinske napetosti s kapilarnim dvigom dvofaznih sistemov v okolici kritične točke. Za pridobitev natančnih in primerljivih meritev je bilo potrebno poznati natančni notranji premer tankih kapilar. Določili smo ga z metodo laserskega tipanja na nemški koordinatni merilni napravi ZEISS tipa UMC-850 s pomočjo merilne programske opreme CALYPSO 5.1.4. Za merjenje ravnotežne višine smo uporabili računalniški program Logger Pro, ki omogoča natančno analizo razdalj med dvema točkama. Gostote dvofaznih sistemov smo dobili iz podatkovne baze NIST ali jih izmerili s pomočjo gravimetrične metode jemanja vzorcev iz mešalnega avtoklava. Površinsko napetost smo merili v treh dvofaznih sistemih: voda/CO2, slanica/CO2 in polimer PEG/CO2 v razponu od 1 bara do 200 barov. Prve meritve smo izvedli za sistem voda/CO2 pri treh izotermah (25 °C, 45 °C in 60 °C) in jih primerjali z literaturo. Ugotovili smo, da daje naša metoda primerljive in ponovljive rezultate, ki kažejo, da se s povečanjem tlaka površinska napetost linearno zmanjšuje do območja fazne spremembe CO2, v območju višjih tlakov pa doseže konstantno vrednost. Zanimiva je tudi ugotovitev, da se površinska napetost pri atmosferskih pogojih z nižanjem temperature poveča, v območju višjih tlakov pa pada. Zaradi možnosti skladiščenja toplogrednega plina CO2 v slanico smo v avtoklavu simulirali razmere, ki potekajo pri vbrizgavanju CO2 v slane reke več kilometrov pod zemljo. Ugotovili smo, da se z višanjem koncentracije soli v vodni raztopini (od 14 g/l do 200 g/l) viša vrednost površinske napetosti. Z namenom pridobitve še neraziskanih termodinamskih podatkov v okolici kritične točke smo izmerili površinsko napetost sistema polimera PEG/CO2. Rezultati kažejo, da se je površinska napetost sistema PEG/CO2 (molske mase PEG: 200, 400, 600) s povečanjem tlaka prav tako linearno zmanjševala.
Keywords:površinska napetost, kapilarni dvig, gostota, slanica, PEG
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[G. Kravanja]
Year of publishing:2014
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-45415 New window
UDC:536.2:683.97(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:18248214 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:B8D3YBLL
Publication date in DKUM:09.09.2014
Views:3170
Downloads:570
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:DETERMINATION OF THE SURFACE TENSION BY THE CAPILLARY RISE METHOD IN TWO-PHASE SYSTEMS
Abstract:The aim of the thesis was to place a measuring device for determination of the surface tension by the capillary rise method in two-phase systems at higher pressures. In order to obtain accurate and comparable measurements, it was necessary to know the exact inner diameter of the thin capillaries, which we have determined by measuring on the German coordinate machine ZEISS type UMC - 850 using a software CALYPSO 5.1.4. To measure the equilibrium height, we used a computer program Logger Pro, which enables detailed analysis of distances between two points. The densities of two-phase systems were obtained from the NIST database, or measured by the gravimetric method of taking samples from the mixing autoclave. Surface tension was measured in the three two-phase systems: water/CO2 brine/CO2 and polymer PEG/CO2 in the range from 1 bar to 200 bar. The first measurements were performed for the system water/CO2 for three isotherms (25° C, 45° C and 60° C) and compared with the literature. We found that our method provides comparable and reproducible results. As pressure increases, a decrease in the interfacial tension is observed, which is more pronounced at lower temperatures. At lower pressures surface tension decreases with rising temperature; at higher pressures the opposite effect is found. Due to the potential of storage of the greenhouse gas CO2 in brine, we simulated conditions in an autoclave, which take place when injecting CO2 into saline river several hundred meters underground. We found that by increasing the salt concentration in the aqueous solution (form 14g/l to 200g/l) the surface tension value increases. In order to obtain so far unexplored thermodynamic data, surface tension of the system polymer PEG/CO2 was measured. The results show that by increasing pressure the surface tension of the system PEG/CO2 (molar mass of PEG: 200, 400, 600) decreased linearly likewise.
Keywords:tension, capillary rise method, density, brine, PEG


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