SEPARACIJA BIOLOŠKO AKTIVNIH SPOJIN IZ LUCERNE  (Medicago sativa)

Strgar, Emilijan

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Title:	SEPARACIJA BIOLOŠKO AKTIVNIH SPOJIN IZ LUCERNE (Medicago sativa)
Authors:	ID Strgar, Emilijan (Author) ID Škerget, Mojca (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UNI_Strgar_Emilijan_2014.pdf (7,14 MB) MD5: EC4375BBF4A1C9158BCAD8ABB0AA38B1
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:	V diplomski nalogi smo določili optimalno topilo, s katerim dobimo največji izkoristek ekstrakcije antioksidativnih komponent iz biološkega materiala. Za pridobivanje ekstraktov iz lucerne smo uporabili konvencionalno ekstrakcijo, ekstrakcijo po Soxhletu in ekstrakcijo s superkritičnim fluidom (CO2) na pilotni napravi (UHDE). Kot topilo pri konvencionalnih ekstrakcijah smo uporabili 100 % heksan, mešanice aceton:voda (0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, 1:0) (V:V) ter mešanice etanol:voda (0:1, 1:3, 1:1, 3:1, 1:0) (V:V). S spektrofotometričnimi metodami smo v ekstraktih določali antioksidativno aktivnost, vsebnost skupnih fenolov in vsebnost proantocianidinov. Antioksidativno aktivnost smo podali kot % inhibicije, kjer smo merili absorbanco raztopine vzorca in referenčne raztopine. Kot najučinkovitejšo topilo s katerim pridobljen ekstrakt daje najvišjo antioksidativno aktivnost se je izkazal 100 % etanol. Koncentracije vsebnosti skupnih fenolov in proantocianidinov smo podali na gram ekstrakta kot tudi na gram materiala. Lucerna vsebuje zraven antioksidativnih komponent tudi vitamin D. Ker je vitamin D maščobo-topna komponenta, smo kot topilo za ekstrakcijo uporabili heksan in superkritični fluid (CO2). Vitamin D se nahaja v naravi v zelo nizkih koncentracijah, zato smo morali uporabiti primerne analizne metode s katerimi lahko detektiramo komponente tudi v ng. Analizo vitamina D smo zato opravili z LC-MS (MS) analizno tehniko. Rezultati analiz so pokazali prisotnost vitamina D2, katerega vsebnost je najvišja v ekstraktu pridobljenem s 100 % acetonom in znaša 39,22 ng/ g materiala. Za detektiranje vitamina D je bila potrebna saponifikacija, saj analize ekstraktov brez opravljene saponifikacije dajejo slabe razultate zaradi oteženega detektiranja v tako nizkih koncentracijah.
Keywords:	lucerna, ekstrakcija, antioksidativna aktivnost, skupni fenoli, proantocianidini, vitamin D
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[E. Strgar]
Year of publishing:	2014
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-45506
UDC:	66.061.3:582.736.312(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	18236182
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:0Q4WMTLU
Publication date in DKUM:	22.09.2014
Views:	2781
Downloads:	248
Metadata:
Categories:	KTFMB - FKKT
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	SEPARATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM LUCERNE ( Medicago sativa)
Abstract:	In this graduate work, we determined the optimal solvent to obtain a maximum efficiency of extraction of antioxidative compounds from biological material. In order to obtain extracts of alfalfa, we used conventional extraction, Soxhlet extraction and extraction with supercritical fluid (CO2) on the pilot device (UHDE). As the solvent for conventional extractions we used 100% hexane, a mixture of acetone: water (0: 1, 1: 3, 1: 1, 3: 1, 1: 0) (V:V) and a mixture of ethanol: water (1: 0, 1: 3, 1: 1, 3: 1, 1: 0) (V:V). With the spectrophotometric methods we determined in extracts antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and the content of proanthocyanidins. The antioxidant activity was presented as % of inhibition, where was measured the absorbance of the sample and the reference solution. As the most effective solvent, by which the obtained extract give the highest antioxidant activity, has proved to be 100% ethanol. The concentrations of total phenolic content and proanthocyanidins are provided per gram of extract as well as per gram of material. Alfalfa contains beside the antioxidant constituents vitamin D. Since vitamin D is fat-soluble component, we used as extraction solvent hexane and supercritical fluid (CO2). Vitamin D is found in nature in very low concentrations, so we have to use appropriate analytical methods which can detect components also in the ng. Analysis of vitamin D was therefore performed with LC-MS (MS) analytical technique. The results of these analyzes showed the presence of vitamin D2, which the highest level is in the extract obtained with 100% acetone and amounts to 39.22 ng / g of material. For the detection of vitamin D was required saponification, as the analysis of extracts made without saponification give poor results because of the difficulty of detecting in such low concentrations.
Keywords:	alfalfa, extraction, antioxidant activity, total phenols, proanthocyanidins, vitamin D

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