| | SLO | ENG | Cookies and privacy

Bigger font | Smaller font

Show document Help

Title:BIOLOGIJA SESNEGA OBNAŠANJA PRI PRAŠIČU: ONTOGENIJA, MEHANIZMI IN VZORCI
Authors:ID Skok, Janko (Author)
ID Škorjanc, Dejan (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf DOK_Skok_Janko_2015.pdf (20,89 MB)
MD5: 1C56018B24B2955EBA83C8D12A115914
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Doctoral dissertation
Organization:FKBV - Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Abstract:Pujski so že takoj po rojstvu izpostavljeni zahtevnemu socialnemu in fizičnemu okolju. Delijo si namreč isto območje prehranjevanja, to je vime matere. Zato so med laktacijo, dokler ne vzpostavijo stabilnega sesnega reda, izpostavljeni intenzivnim medsebojnim socialnim (tudi agresivnim) interakcijam. Ugotovili smo, da imajo v prvih dveh tednih po prasitvi na dogajanje med sesanjem in razporeditev pujskov na vimenu bistveno vlogo geometrijske (fizične) omejitve vimena oz. omejitev prostora. Vpliv geometrijskih omejitev vimena se odraža s proti sredini vimena »usmerjeno« porazdeljenostjo pujskov (t.i. grbasta distribucija), imenovano učinek sredine območja (ang. mid-domain effect). Naši rezultati dodatno kažejo, da pred vzpostavitvijo sesnega reda pujski vzpostavijo mehanizem vzdrževanja enakih interindividualnih razdalj, ki smo ga poimenovali skupinska sesna kohezivnost. Vendar pa so pujski, čeprav vzpostavijo skupinsko sesno kohezivnost, še vedno izpostavljeni neposrednemu medsebojnemu »boju« za seske. Ugotovili smo, da utegne imeti boj za seske prilagoditveno (adaptivno) funkcijo pri tekmovanju za omejen vir (t.j. kolostrum), pa tudi pri stimulaciji mlečnih žlez ter termoregulaciji. Kljub temu pa je določena mera urejenosti med sesanjem nujna, saj preprečuje pretirano bojevanje in zmanjša delež zgrešenih sesanj, kar končno poveča tudi preživitveno sposobnost pujskov. Sesna kohezija se torej vzpostavi najprej, iz nje pa se kasneje razvije sesni red, ko se pujski ustalijo na določenem sesnem položaju. Mehanizmi učenja sesnega položaja in orientacije pujskov na vimenu, t.j. vračanja pujska na isto sesno mesto, so še vedno nepojasnjeni. Vendar naša opažanja kažejo, da utegne imeti pri tem ključno vlogo prostorska konfiguracija vimena, ki jo določajo seski, paroma razporejeni v dve vzporedni liniji. Dogajanje v zgodnjem življenju je odgovorno tudi za izoblikovanje specifičnih vzorcev obnašanja, ki se lahko prenesejo in izražajo tudi v kasnejših obdobjih življenja. Naši rezultati potrjujejo to domnevo. Poodstavitvena agresija in formiranje nove socialne strukture sta namreč močno povezana s položajem sesanja. Najvišja stopnja poodstavitvene agresije in nestabilnost pri oblikovanju nove socialne strukture se izraža pri pujskih, ki so sesali na sredini vimena. Naše raziskave so obravnavale nekatere pomembne vidike sesnega obnašanja pujskov in potrdile kompleksnost procesa sesanja. Izsledki predstavljajo nova spoznanja o razvoju (sesnega) obnašanja tekom laktacije in njegovi ključni vlogi v življenju prašiča ter tako bistveno prispevajo k boljšemu, celovitemu razumevanju procesa sesanja, kar pa je ključnega pomena pri učinkovitem upravljanju z gnezdi.
Keywords:domači prašič, laktacija, neonatalni pujski, sesno obnašanje
Place of publishing:Maribor
Year of publishing:2015
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-47950 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:MQO05B7T
Publication date in DKUM:08.05.2015
Views:4347
Downloads:407
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FKBV
:
Copy citation
  
Average score:(0 votes)
Your score:Voting is allowed only for logged in users.
Share:Bookmark and Share



Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click on the title to get all document metadata.

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:BIOLOGY OF PIG SUCKLING BEHAVIOUR: ONTOGENY, MECHANISMS AND PATTERNS
Abstract:After birth, neonatal piglets are exposed to a challenging social and physical environment. Littermates share the same ‘foraging’ territory, i.e. the sow’s udder. During the lactation period, piglets experience intense social (including aggressive) interactions with their littermates until they establish a reliable teat order on the mother’s udder. We revealed that in the first two weeks after farrowing, when piglets appear randomly distributed on the udder, geometric constraints (suckling space limitations) are an important force, driving the piglets’ distribution along the limited udder. An effect of geometric constraint results in the specific hump-shaped distribution, known as the mid-domain effect. In addition, our results show that prior to the establishment of teat order, piglets rely on group suckling cohesion, an order mechanism that refers to the maintenance of significantly similar inter-individual distances on the udder. Although group suckling cohesion is in effect, neonatal piglets still get involved in a direct struggle with their littermates. Despite the possible adaptive function of fighting due to competition for limited colostrum, stimulation of the mammary glands, and thermoregulation, a certain level of suckling orderliness is essential because it reduces exaggerated teat disputes and the risk of missing suckling, which consequently affects survival. Suckling cohesion occurs first, after which the teat order develops (piglets fix their positions at the udder). The mechanism underlying the choice that leads each piglet to the same suckling position is still not clarified. However, our observations indicate that the spatial configuration of the sow’s udder, determined by two parallel rows of teats arranged in pairs, can hypothetically be proposed as an important cue for the suckling orientation of piglets. Early life experiences considerably influence the behavioural development and, hence, the expression of acquired behavioural patterns later in life. Our results confirmed this hypothesis. The post-weaning formation of new social structure and agonistic behaviours (aggression) exhibited by individuals are in accordance with their suckling position. Piglets that suckled on the middle part of the mother’s udder showed an instable nature in social order formation and exhibited significantly more aggressive behaviour. In conclusion, our studies elucidate some important aspects of suckling behaviour in piglets, revealing complex littermate interactions. These findings provide novel insights into suckling behaviour and behavioural development during lactation. Inasmuch as effective management of litters demands a holistic and detailed knowledge of piglet suckling behaviour, this novel perspective on suckling behaviour increases our understanding of the suckling process.
Keywords:domestic pig, lactation, neonatal piglets, suckling behaviour


Comments

Leave comment

You must log in to leave a comment.

Comments (0)
0 - 0 / 0
 
There are no comments!

Back
Logos of partners University of Maribor University of Ljubljana University of Primorska University of Nova Gorica