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Title:Naravno obnovljiva rastlinska tekstilna vlakna
Authors:ID Gašparič, Petra (Author)
ID Urisk, Zala (Author)
ID Križanec, Andreja (Author)
ID Munda, Marko (Author)
ID Hribernik, Silvo (Author)
ID Kurečič, Manja (Author)
ID Kreže, Tatjana (Author)
ID Sfiligoj-Smole, Majda (Author)
Files:.pdf Tekstilec_2012_Gasparic_dipl._inz._et_al._Naravno_obnovljiva_rastlinska_tekstilna_vlakna.pdf (601,74 KB)
MD5: 646861596123814BCB61213AEF7119A4
 
URL http://www.tekstilec.si/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/Naravno-obnovljiva-rastlinska-tekstilna-vlakna.pdf
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Scientific work
Typology:1.02 - Review Article
Organization:FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
Abstract:Zaradi čedalje globlje ekološke ozaveščenosti in okoljevarstvenih zahtev obravnavamo v sodobnem času izdelavo, uporabo in odstranjevanje materialov veliko bolj kritično. Naravna celulozna vlakna so v tem pogledu izkazala svojo kakovost in popolnoma izpolnila vse ekološke kriterije. Naravna celulozna vlakna uporabljamo za tekstilne in tekstilnotehnične namene. To so vlakna iz ličja stebel, ki tvorijo vlaknate snopiče v notranjem ličju stebel dvokaličnic, in listna vlakna, ki tečejo po dolžini listov enokaličnic, ter semenska vlakna in vlakna iz plodov. Lan, konopljo, juto, ramijo, sisal ter kokos uporabljamo predvsem za tehnične namene. V zadnjem času pa izjemno narašča zanimanje za obnovljive surovinske vire tudi na področju vlaken. V ospredju so vlakna rastlinskega izvora. Pri iskanju novih surovinskih virov se proučujejo številne rastline, ki ne spadajo med tradicionalne vire vlaken, da bi iz njihovih stebel ali listov izolirali vlakna uporabnih lastnosti. Pri izolaciji vlaken pridobimo tehnična vlakna, kar pomeni, da so celulozna vlakna večcelične strukture, pri katerih so posamezne celice vezane v snopiče. Poleg konvencionalnih načinov izolacije vlaken se uporabljajo tudi številni sodobni postopki, kot so biotehnološki z uporabo encimov, itd. Način, kako vlakna izoliramo, vpliva na površinsko morfologijo vlaken. V prispevku so predstavljena nekatera vlakna, ki jih pridobivamo iz kmetijskih odpadkov, kot so slama žitaric, listi ananasa, sladkorni trs, hmeljeva stebla, kinoa, vlakna iz različnih trav itd.
Keywords:tekstilna vlakna, celulozna vlakna, lignocelulozna vlakna, rastlinska vlakna, naravno obnovljiva vlakna, netradicionalna vlakna
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Year of publishing:2012
Number of pages:str. 302-313
Numbering:Letn. 55, št. 4
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-49450 New window
ISSN:0351-3386
UDC:677.1
ISSN on article:0351-3386
COBISS.SI-ID:16561942 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:VMEXPVZK
Publication date in DKUM:10.07.2015
Views:2897
Downloads:209
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:Misc.
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Tekstilec. glasilo slovenskih tekstilcev
Shortened title:Tekstilec
Publisher:Zveza inženirjev in tehnikov tekstilcev, Splošno združenje tekstilne industrije, Zveza inženirjev in tehnikov tekstilcev, Splošno združenje tekstilne industrije, Društvo inženirjev in tehnikov tekstilcev, Univerza v Ljubljani, Naravoslovnotehniška fakulteta, Oddelek za tekstilstvo, Založba Univerze v Ljubljani
ISSN:0351-3386
COBISS.SI-ID:763396 New window

Licences

License:CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:10.07.2015

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Sustainable plant textile fibres
Abstract:The manufacture, use and removal of traditional materials are now considered more critical due to increasing environmental consciousness and the demands of legislative authorities. Natural cellulose fibres have successfully proven their qualities when also taking into account an ecological view of fibre materials. Different cellulose fibres can be used for textile and technical applications, e.g. the bast or stem fibres which form fibrous bundles in the inner bark (phloem or bast) of the stems of dicotyledenous plants, the leaf fibres which run lengthwise through the leaves of monocotyledenous plants, and the fibres of seeds and fruits. Flax, hemp, jute, ramie, sisal and coir are mainly used for technical purposes. Recently, the interest in renewable resources for fibres particularly of plant origin has increased. Therefore, several non-traditional plants are being studied with the aim to isolate fibres from plant leaves or stems. A review of some untraditional fibres is given in the paper. Technical fibres are mainly obtained with fibre isolation, which means that cellulose fibres are multicellular structures with individual cells bound into fibre bundles. Different retting processes can be performed in both acid and alkaline mediums, respectively, and with an enzymatic treatment. The used procedure influences the fibre surface morphology. Some biofibres from agricultural by-products, e.g. wheat straw, pineapple leaves, sugarcane bagasse, hop stems, Musaceae plants, quinoa etc. are introduced. In addition, the fibres from different grass and legume species and from sea grass are presented in the article.
Keywords:plant fibres, sustainable fibres, untraditional fibres


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