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Title:Prehrana kormorana Phalacrocorax carbo na območju reke Save od Ljubljane do Zagorja (Slovenija)
Authors:ID Govedič, Marijan (Author)
ID Janžekovič, Franc (Author)
ID Kos, Ivan (Author)
Files:URL http://www.dlib.si/details/URN:NBN:SI:doc-2LW05F0O
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Scientific work
Typology:1.01 - Original Scientific Article
Organization:PEF - Faculty of Education
Abstract:Avtorji so z analizo izbljuvkov ugotavljali prehrano kormoranov Phalacrocorax carbo, ki so se prehranjevali na območju reke Save od Ljubljane do Zagorja v zimi 1998/99. Izbljuvke so pobirali na prenočišču pri Hotiču. Izmed 473 izbljuvkov so bili v 69,8 % ostanki rib. V izbljuvkih so bile tudi gliste Nematoda in trakulje Cestoda ter ostanki mladoletnic Trichoptera, polžev Gastropoda in ene žabe Rana sp. V izbljuvku so bili ostanki 1 do 69 rib (Mediana 2, Povprečje 3,9). V 41,8 % izbljuvkov je bila samo ena riba, v 93,6 % izbljuvkov pa do 10 rib. Našli so ostanke 1288 osebkov rib. 1279 osebkom so določili dolžino in maso. Skupaj so tehtali 57 kg. Določili so 12 vrst rib. V izbljuvkih so našli ostanke lipana Thymallus thymallus, postrvi Salmo trutta, klena Leuciscus cephalus, podusti Chondrostoma nasus, platnice Rutilus pigus virgo, rdečeoke Rutilus rutilus, navadne mrene Barbus barbus, ploščiča Abramis brama, zelenike Alburnus alburnus, ščuke Esox lucius, navadnega ostriža Perca fluviatilis in navadnega okuna Gymnocephalus cernuus. V prehrani so prevladovali krapovci Cyprinidae (85,8 % po številu in 90,5 % po masi). Lipan in postrv sta sestavljala 6,5 % po številu in 3,6 % po masi ter ščuka in navadni ostriži 7,3 % po številu in 3,6 % po masi. Znotraj krapovcev sta bila najpogostejša klen (16,4 % po številu in 38,6 % po masi) in podust (3,9 % po številu in 16,5 % po masi). Delež nedoločenih krapovcev je bil 57,1 % po številu in 28,5 % po masi. Dolžina rib je bila od 23 do 345 mm. Najpogostejši velikostni razred, ki so ga plenili kormorani, je bil 70-170 mm (50 % po številu, 19 % po masi), vendar smo zaključili, da so veliki osebki (>170 mm) sestavljali najpomebnejši delež (25,0 % po številu, 80,1 % po masi) v prehrani kormoranov. Število osebkov krapovcev, ostrižev in salmonidov med meseci je bilo statistično značilno različno, število osebkov posameznih vrst določenih krapovcev pa ne. Zaključili smo, da so razlike odvisne predvsem od naključja, na katero vrsto rib so kormorani naleteli. Klen in podust, ki se združujeta v večje jate, sta na območju za kormorana najverjetneje najbolj odkrivni vrsti.
Keywords:ptice, kormorani, ribojede ptice, Phalacrocorax carbo, prehrana, zimska prehrana, analize, Slovenija, Sava
Publication status:Published
Publication version:Version of Record
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Publisher:Društvo za opazovanje in proučevanje ptic Slovenije
Year of publishing:2002
Number of pages:str. 5-20
Numbering:Letn. 23, št. 110/111
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-53145 New window
UDC:598.8(497.4)
ISSN on article:0351-2851
COBISS.SI-ID:12042504 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:FRV3QMZQ
Publication date in DKUM:10.07.2015
Views:1630
Downloads:54
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:Misc.
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Record is a part of a journal

Title:Acrocephalus
Shortened title:Acrocephalus
Publisher:Društvo za opazovanje in proučevanje ptic Slovenije
ISSN:0351-2851
COBISS.SI-ID:7679234 New window

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The diet of great cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo on the Sava river between Ljubljana and Zagorje (Slovenia)
Abstract:Diet of Great Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo occurring on the Sava river between Ljubljana and Zagorje was studied in the winter 1998/99 by means of regurgitated pellets, collected at the Cormorants' night roost at Hotič. Among 473 collected pellets, 69.8 % contained remains of fish. The pellets also contained worms Nematoda and tapeworms Cestoda, remains of caddis flies trichoptera, snails Gastropoda and a frog Rana sp. In separate pellets, remains of 1 to 69 fish (median 2, average 3.9) were found: in 41.8 % pellets remains of 1 fish, in 93.6 % remains of up to 10 fish. Altogether, remains of 1,288 fish were found. Length and weight were determined for 1,279 of them. Total weight of these fish was estimated at 57 kg. The diet consisted of 12 fish species (trout Salmo trutta, grayling Thymallus thymallus, chub Leuciscuscephalus, nase Chrondrostoma nasus, danube roach Rutilus pigus virgo,roach Rutilus rutilus, barbel Barbus barbus, bream Abramis brama, bleak Alburnus alburnus, pike Esox lucius, perch Perca fluviatilis and ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus). The diet was dominated by Cyprinidae (85.8 % by number, 90.5 % by biomass). Gravling and trout were represented with 6.5 % by number and 3.6 % by mass and pike, perch and ruffe in 7.3 % by number and 3.6 % by mass. Inside Cyprinidae chub with 16.4 % by number and 38.6 by biomass and nase with 3.9 % by number and 16.5 % by biomass were most frequent. The proportion of undetermined Cyprinidae was 57.1 % by number and 28.5 % by mass. Prey size ranged from 23 to 345 mm. Most frequent length class was 70-170 mm (50 % by number and 19 % by mass), but large individuals (170 mm) were most important (25.0 % by number and 80.1 % by mass) in the diet of Great Cormorants. The numbers of specimens of Cyprinidae, Percidae and Salmonidae between months were significant, while the numbers of specimens of determined Cyprinids were not. We concluded that the differences in the investigated area depended more on random detection of fish. Chub and nase arespecies with shoaling habits, and were assumed that they were easier detectable by Great Cormorants than the non-shoaling species.
Keywords:birds, great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo, piscivorous birds, food, winter diet, analises, Slovenia, Sava


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