Samokontrola in samonaznanjeno prestopniško vedenje srednješolcev : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija

Virag, Valentina

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Title:	Samokontrola in samonaznanjeno prestopniško vedenje srednješolcev : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študija
Authors:	ID Virag, Valentina (Author) ID Meško, Gorazd (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UN_Virag_Valentina_2015.pdf (764,31 KB) MD5: 7101980A0CD18FF1460624454DEA0EEF
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security
Abstract:	Vsa človeška dejanja, vključno s kriminalnim in prestopniškim vedenjem so posledica posameznikovega zaznavanja okolja. Večina posameznikov se vzdrži neprimernega vedenja v skladu z lastnim moralnim prepričanjem, saj se jim kriminalna dejanja ne zdijo primerna za reševanje konfliktov. Moralnost posameznika (moralna prepričanja in moralne navade) so pomembne karakteristike posameznika, ki vplivajo na posameznikovo reakcijo v situacijah, ki lahko vodijo do kriminalnih dejanja (Antonaccio in Tittle, 2008). Po situacijsko-akcijski teoriji (SAT) so vsa človeška dejanja, vključno s kriminalnim in prestopniškim vedenjem produkt posameznikovega zaznavanja možnosti alternativ in priložnosti. Večina raziskav kaže na to, da med nizko samokontrolo in kriminalnim vedenjem skoraj vedno obstaja povezava. Samokontrola je glede na raziskave najboljša in najbolj zanesljiva za napovedovanje kriminala. Strokovnjaki uvrščajo samokontrolo sorazmerno z ostalimi spremenljivkami in raziskujejo kako je posamezna spremenljivka medsebojno povezana s samokontrolo pri nastanku kriminalnega vedenja. Gottfredson in Hirschi sta združila klasično teorijo s konceptom samokontrole, ki sta jo poimenovala splošna teorija kriminala. Samokontrolo sta definirala kot "nagnjenje k izogibanju dejanja, katerih škoda presega njihovo trenutno korist" (Bertok in Meško, 2013). Teorija samokontrole je navdušila izredno veliko raziskav. Skoraj vse so pokazale samokontrolo kot stalen napovednik kriminalnega vedenja, celo v različnih kulturnih kontekstih. Nizka samokontrola je prikazana kot lastnost, ki kaže na večjo verjetnost nagnjenosti h prestopništvu. Koncept teorije nizke samokontrole kaže na to, da nekateri posamezniki ne razmišljajo o kasnejših posledicah njihovih dejanj in tako lahko s svojimi aktivnostmi povečajo možnosti za viktimizacijo. Običajne dejavnosti in priložnosti kažejo na to, da na možnost (ponavljajoče) viktimizacije vplivajo posameznikova izpostavljenost in bližina morebitnim prestopnikom, njihova stopnja varovanja pred viktimizacijo in njihova privlačnost kot tarča kriminalnega vredenja.
Keywords:	mladoletno prestopništvo, samonadzor, samonaznanitev, situacijskoakcijska teorija, diplomske naloge
Place of publishing:	[Ljubljana
Place of performance:	[Ljubljana
Publisher:	V. Virag]
Year of publishing:	2015
Year of performance:	2015
Number of pages:	44 str.
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-54244
UDC:	343.915(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	3022826
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:9UE8KDVV
Publication date in DKUM:	13.10.2015
Views:	1670
Downloads:	185
Metadata:
Categories:	FVV
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Self-control and self-reported juvenile delinquency
Abstract:	All human action, including acts of crime and deviance, is mainly a product of individual perceptions of action alternatives and choices. Most individuals refrain from misconduct because, in accordance with their moral beliefs, either they do not see the crime as a viable alternative or their moral action is habitual. An individual's morality (moral beliefs and moral habits) is the most important individual characteristic influencing an individual's engagement in acts of crime (Antonaccio in Tittle, 2008). According to SAT, all human action, including acts of crime and deviance, is mainly a product of individual perceptions of action alternatives and choices. Antonaccio and Tittle provide the most complete test of SAT to date. They found that both,morality and self-control influenced criminal offending, though morality had a consistenly stronger effect. Empirical tests have found a significant relationship between low self-control and range of behaviors. Self-control appears to be one of the best and most reliable predictors of crime. Scholars situate self-control relative to other variables and explore further how such variables may interrelate with self-control in te production of criminal behaviors. Gottfredson and Hirschi have combined classical theory with the concept of »self-of « and named it general theory of crime. They have defined self-control as the »tendency to avoid acts whose long-term costs exceed their momentary advantages (Bertok in Meško, 2013). Self-control theory has inspired an unusual amount of research, almost all of which has shown self-control to be a strong and persistent predictor of criminal behavior, even in different cultural contexts. Hirschi in gottfredson pointed to the importance of self-control as a key mechanism in understanding offending. The concept of low self-control suggest that the some individuals are habituated toward not thinking about later consequences. Therefore they may fail to connect their activities to victimization risk. Routine activity and oportunity perspectives suggest that victimization is determined by individual's exposure and proximity to potential offenders, their levels of guardianship against victimization, and their atractiveness as targets.
Keywords:	morality, moral values, Situational Action Theory, self-control, juvenile delinquency, deterrence, victimization

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