ODGOVORNOST ZA USTREZNO SESTAVO NADZORNIH SVETOV

Kerin, Miha

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Title:	ODGOVORNOST ZA USTREZNO SESTAVO NADZORNIH SVETOV
Authors:	ID Kerin, Miha (Author) ID Samec Berghaus, Nataša (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Kerin_Miha_2015.pdf (1,56 MB) MD5: A3D98BE9072F1EE6F2FF953379785964
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Magistrska naloga izhaja iz ugotovitve, da je korporativno upravljanje v Sloveniji v krizi. Glede na naloge in pristojnosti organa vodenja oziroma njegovih članov so najprej njihova dejanja tista, ki povzročajo krizo v gospodarskih družbah in krizo korporativnega upravljanja nasploh. Vendar imajo svoj prispevek k nastanku krize tudi nadzorni sveti ter njihovi člani, ki ne opravijo svojih nadzorstvenih nalog. Magistrska naloga nadalje izhaja iz predpostavke, da je slovenska korporativna pravna ureditev načeloma dobra. Ta predpostavka se nanaša tudi na položaj nadzornega sveta v gospodarski družbi in na njegove pristojnosti. Nadzorni svet družbe je organsko neodvisen od drugih organov družbe in od članov družbe (delničarjev in družbenikov), kar enako velja za člane nadzornega sveta. Položaj in pristojnosti, ki jih ima, mu zagotavljajo, da je njegovo delo lahko učinkovito. Ob teh predpostavkah pa vzroki za neučinkovitost nadzornega sveta niso zunaj konkretnega nadzornega sveta, ampak gre vzroke za neučinkovitost konkretnega nadzornega sveta iskati znotraj nadzornega sveta samega, to je zlasti v njegovi sestavi in pri njegovih članih. Ustrezna kadrovska sestava nadzornega sveta je zato eden pomembnejših ukrepov za preprečevanje nastanka krize v gospodarski družbi in krize korporativnega upravljanja nasploh. V nalogi analiziram, kdo je dolžan skrbeti za ustrezno kadrovsko sestavo nadzornega sveta in kakšna je njegova odgovornost. Ti dve vprašanji in iskanje odgovora nanju je glavna tema magistrske naloge, za katero uporabljam izraz odgovornost za ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta. V gospodarski družbi se članstvo v nadzornem svetu zagotavlja preko dveh osnovnih funkcij, in sicer preko predlagalne funkcije in preko odločevalske funkcije, zato so za ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta odgovorne osebe oziroma organi družbe (in njihovi člani), ki in ko predlagajo kandidate za člane nadzornega sveta, ki in ko odločajo o članih nadzornega sveta ter ki in ko predlagajo odpoklic in odločajo o odpoklicu članov nadzornega sveta. Predlagateljev je v gospodarski družbi več, prav tako pa tudi odločevalcev. Najpomembnejši predlagatelji oziroma odločevalci so tisti, ki v praksi najbolj vplivajo na ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta. To sta v (nedržavni) družbi nadzorni svet kot predlagatelj kandidatov in skupščina kot odločevalec o članih nadzornega sveta. V državnem podjetju je najpomembnejši predlagatelj SDH, ki ima preko večine glasov na skupščini družbe v bistvu tudi odločevalsko funkcijo. V magistrski nalogi je opredeljen pojem odgovornosti za ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta in glede na tako opredeljen pojem analizirana odgovornost posameznih predlagateljev in odločevalcev v tej zvezi. Nadzorni svet kot predlagatelj kandidatov za člane nadzornega sveta ima zelo konkretne naloge v zvezi z zagotavljanjem ustrezne sestave nadzornega sveta in kršitev teh nalog je lahko tudi pravno sankcionirana. Sankcije se vselej nanašajo na posamezne člane nadzornega sveta, ne pa na organ. Pomembne naloge nadzornega sveta v tej zvezi so tudi letno ocenjevanje lastne učinkovitosti, ugotavljanje, pri kakšni sestavi bi bil nadzorni svet najbolj učinkovit in na tej podlagi tudi oblikovanje predlogov za odpoklic članov nadzornega sveta, katerih delo negativno vpliva na učinkovitost nadzornega sveta. Odgovornost skupščine za ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta izvira iz okoliščine, da je pristojna za izvolitev članov nadzornega sveta in za odločanje o njihovemu odpoklicu. V pravu obstaja dovolj opore za razlago (za izluščenje pravnega pravila), da je skupščina soodgovorna za ustrezno sestavo nadzornega sveta, ko ima na voljo dovolj informacij, da sprejme ustrezno kadrovsko odločitev, pa zavestno ne izvoli ustrezno sestavljenega nadzornega sveta. Njena soodgovornost se kaže v uporabi instituta deljene odgovornosti, katerega posledica je, da se za delež prispevka skupščine k neučinkovitosti nadzornega sveta zmanjša odškodninska odgovornost članov nadzornega sveta.
Keywords:	korporativno upravljanje, ustrezna sestava nadzornega sveta, strokovna usposobljenost, neodvisnost, (potencialni) konflikt interesov, kandidacijski postopek, volitve članov nadzornega sveta, odgovornost članov organov vodenja in nadzora družbe, volenti non fit iniuria, culpa in eligendo, deljena odgovornost
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[M. Kerin]
Year of publishing:	2015
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-55409
UDC:	336.59(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5034539
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:MDY05JMO
Publication date in DKUM:	07.04.2016
Views:	2308
Downloads:	396
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Responsibility for Appropriate Supervisory Board Composition
Abstract:	The master’s thesis is based on the finding that corporate governance in Slovenia is in crisis. Considering the functions and competence of the management body, or its members, it is foremost their actions that are causing the crisis in corporations and the crisis of corporate governance in general. However, supervisory boards and their members also contribute to this crisis, since they are not performing their supervisory duties. The master’s thesis is further based on an assumption that Slovenian legislations is, in principle, good. This assumption also takes into account the position and competence of the supervisory board in a corporation. A corporate supervisory board, as well as its members, is organically independent of other corporate bodies and members of the company (shareholders). Its position and competence ensure a potentially effective functioning. Considering these assumptions, the causes of supervisory board’s ineffectiveness do not lie outside a specific supervisory board, but can be found inside the supervisory board itself, specifically, in its composition and its members. Appropriate personnel composition of the supervisory board is thus one of the more important measures for the prevention of a crisis in a corporation and of corporate governance crisis in general. In this thesis, I analyse who is responsible for appropriate personnel composition of a supervisory board, and what his responsibilities are. These two questions and the search for their answers represent the main theme of the master’s thesis, titled Responsibility for Appropriate Supervisory Board Composition. In a corporation, membership of the supervisory board is ensured with two basic function, specifically, a nomination function and a decision-making function. Therefore, appropriate supervisory board composition is the responsibility of persons or company bodies (and its members), who and when they nominate candidates for membership of supervisory board; who and when they decide on supervisory board members; and who and when they propose dismissal and decide on dismissal of supervisory board members. There are numerous proposers in a corporation, as well as decision-makers. The most important proposers or decision-makers are those that, in practice, have the greatest influence on the appropriate composition of the supervisory board. These are, in a non-state-owned company, the supervisory board as the proposer of candidates, and general meeting as the decision-maker regarding supervisory board members. In the master’s thesis, I define the concept of responsibility for appropriate supervisory board composition, and, considering this definition of the concept, analyse the responsibility of individual proposers and decision-makers in this relation. The supervisory board, as the proposer of candidates for supervisory board members, has very specific functions in relation to ensuring an appropriate supervisory board composition, as violations of these functions may incur legal sanctions. Sanctions always apply to individual supervisory board members, and never to the board. The responsibility of the general meeting regarding an appropriate composition of the supervisory board stems from the fact that it is responsible for appointing supervisory board members and making decisions regarding their dismissal. There is sufficient ground in legislation for the explanation (to determine the legal rule) that the general meeting shares responsibility for an appropriate composition of the supervisory board, when it has sufficient information available to make an appropriate personnel decision, but wilfully does not appoint a supervisory board of appropriate composition. Its responsibility is reflected in the use of shared responsibility concept, which has the effect of reducing the liability for damages of supervisory board members by the contribution share of the GM to the ineffectiveness of the supervisory board due to wilful bad personnel decision.
Keywords:	corporate governance appropriate supervisory board composition, professional competence, independence, (potential) conflicts of interest, nomination process, election of supervisory board members, responsibility of management and supervisory bodies, volenti non fit iniuria, culpa in eligendo, shared responsibility

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