Morfološke poteze treh vrst tenčičaric iz rodu Chrysoperla Steinmann, 1964 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) v Sloveniji in deželah zahodnega Balkana

Spital, Polona

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Title:	Morfološke poteze treh vrst tenčičaric iz rodu Chrysoperla Steinmann, 1964 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) v Sloveniji in deželah zahodnega Balkana
Authors:	ID Spital, Polona (Author) ID Devetak, Dušan (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Spital_Polona_2016.pdf (2,96 MB) MD5: 04B3BA848995D8ABB8FADBE0EAB012BE
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:	Številni rodovi iz družine tenčičaric so zelo pomembni v agrikulturnih programih biološke kontrole. Znotraj rodu Chrysoperla je kar nekaj vrst, ki jih vključujejo v tovrstne programe. Najbolj pogosto uporabljena vrsta je navadna tenčičarica Chrysoperla carnea. Dolgo so domnevali, da gre za eno, morfološko zelo različno vrsto, s holarktično distribucijo. Kasneje so ugotovili, da gre za kompleks velikega števila kriptičnih vrst. V preteklosti so tenčičarice določevali na podlagi akustičnih analiz, ki so zelo zapletene. V uporabni kmetijski entomologiji je pomembno enostavno in hitro določanje vrst na podlagi morfoloških znakov. Vrste Ch. lucasina, Ch. mediterranea in Ch. pallida so v evropskem območju splošno razširjene in na prvi pogled zelo podobne. Ker so pomembne pri vključevanju v programe biološke kontrole je pomembno, da jih zanesljivo ločimo med seboj. Namen naloge je bil analizirati morfološke in ekofiziološke znake treh izbranih vrst tenčičaric iz Slovenije in zahodnega Balkana in jih primerjati med seboj. Analizirali smo naslednje morfološke znake: prisotnost oz. odsotnost svetlih in temnih dlačic na dorzalnem delu pronotuma ter njihovo število, dolžino in debelino dlačic na pronoumu in tibiji srednjih nog, dolžino in širino maksilarnega stipesa in proge na njem ter obarvanost žil na prednjih krilih. V analizo smo vključili še izbiro habitata in prebarvanje telesa v času zimske diapavze. Zanimalo nas je, ali se med morfološkimi znaki treh vrst pojavljajo jasno določene meje in če obstajajo razlike oz. podobnosti med populacijami iste vrste. Ugotovili smo, da dolžina in debelina dlačic na pronotumu nista zanesljiv znak za določanje izbranih vrst tenčičaric med seboj. Se pa vrste ločijo po prisotnosti in številu svetlih in temnih dlačic na pronotumu, dolžini in širini proge na maksilarnem stipesu, obarvanosti žilic na krilu, izbiri habitata ter obarvanosti telesa med zimsko diapavzo. Ugotovili smo tudi, da so morfološki znaki enotni v širšem geografskem obsegu, saj med slovenskimi populacijami in populacijami iz Albanije in Makedonije nismo zaznali večjih odstopanj.
Keywords:	morfološki znaki, tenčičarice, kriptične vrste, Slovenija, Balkan, Chrysoperla lucasina, Chrysoperla mediterranea, Chrysoperla pallida
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[P. Spital]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-57050
UDC:	595.74(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	21914888
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:JOCBAZLL
Publication date in DKUM:	15.02.2016
Views:	1824
Downloads:	209
Metadata:
Categories:	FNM
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Morphological traits in three lacewing species of the genus Chrysoperla Steinmann, 1964 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in Slovenia and western Balkan countries
Abstract:	Some genera within the family of lacewings are very important in agricultural programs of biological controle. The genus Chrysoperla includes many species belonging to such programs. The most commonly used species is a common green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea. For a long time neuropterologists have been assuming that the mentioned species is actually just one, morfologically well defined species, with Holarctic distribution. Later on, they learned that »common green lacewing« includes a large number of cryptical species. In the past, lacewings determination based on very complicated acoustic analyzes, but in the usable agricultural entomology is very important to be able to quickly and efficently determine species based on morfological characters. Species like Ch. lucasina, Ch. mediterranea and Ch. pallida are very common in Europe, but look similar at first sight. Mentioned species are important for the biological control programs, so we must be able to reliably separate them. Masther thesis is based on morfological and ecophysiological distinction of the three different lacewing species from Slovenia and western Balkan. We analaysed the following morphological characters: the presence or abscence of light and dark hairs on dorsal part of pronotum and their number, lenght and thickness of the hair on the pronotum and on the tibia of the middle legs. We also analyzed lenght and width of maxillary stipes and it's lines and the coloring of veins on the wings. The analysis included habitat selection preferences and body color transformation due to the winter diapause. We were focused on setting clear boundaries and differences between different species. We learned that the lenght and thickness of the hair on protonum is not reliable criteria for distinguishing the species. For that, we need to focus on number of dark and light hairs on the protonum, lenght and width of the line on maxillary stipes, vein coloring on the wings, habitat selection and body color transformation during the winter diapause. We also learned that the morphological signs are similar in a broader geographic range, because there was not much deviations comparing Slovenian with Albanian and Macedonian populations of lacewings.
Keywords:	morphological traits, lacewings, cryptic species, Slovenia, Balkan, Chrysoperla lucasina, Chrysoperla mediterranea, Chrysoperla pallida

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