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Title:SELEKTIVNOST KOT POGOJ ZA OBSTOJ DRŽAVNE POMOČI
Authors:ID Neuberg, Maruša (Author)
ID Ferčič, Aleš (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Neuberg_Marusa_2016.pdf (1,09 MB)
MD5: E503FFFB7D06945058DF4321D3396EB6
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Slovenija je z vstopom v Evropsko unijo, 1. maja 2004, s Pogodbo o delovanju Evropske Unije, postala del notranjega trga, opredeljenega kot »območje brez notranjih meja, na katerem je v skladu z določbami Pogodb zagotovljen prost pretok blaga, oseb, storitev in kapitala.«. Kot država članica se mora vzdržati ravnanj, ki bi bila nezdružljiva z notranjim trgom. Eno teh so ravnanja, ki bi utegnila izkrivljati konkurenco med državami. Ker je vsaki državi v interesu, da so njena podjetja na trgu konkurenčna, da so njihova tržna tveganja nizka, da se rast domačega gospodarstva veča in podobno, se države pogosto obračajo k podeljevanju državnih pomoči domačim podjetjem, ki pa niso v skladu s pravom Evropske unije in so kot takšne prepovedane. Posamezno ravnanje oziroma ukrep se lahko šteje kot državna pomoč, če izpolnjuje pet kumulativno določenih pogojev, in sicer: pomoč mora dodeliti država ali mora biti kakorkoli dodeljena iz državnih oziroma javnih sredstev, iti mora za pomoč v smislu gospodarske prednosti oziroma koristi, dodeljena mora biti selektivno, izkrivljati mora konkurenco ali bi le-to zgolj lahko izkrivljala ter pomoč mora prizadeti ali bi lahko prizadela trgovino med vsaj dvema državama članicama. Pogoj selektivnosti velja za enega od zahtevnejših pogojev za presojo in v osnovi pomeni, da ukrep s favoriziranjem nekaterih podjetij ali branž oziroma sektorjev, zanje vzpostavi določene gospodarske ugodnosti, ki niso na razpolago vsem relevantnim podjetjem v državi članici in lahko pravno ali dejansko privedejo do neutemeljenega razlikovanja med relevantnimi podjetji. To diplomsko delo sicer predstavi osnoven vpogled v urejenost državnih pomoči, ki služi lažjemu razumevanju nadaljnje vsebine. V svojem bistvu se osredotoča na kriterij selektivnosti in področja, ki so velikokrat sporna ali celo ponesrečeno zamešana. Razširja splošno razlago selektivnosti in jo ločuje od prednostnih in splošnih ukrepov. V zvezi z razlikovanjem med selektivnimi in splošnimi ukrepi, razlaga funkcijo utemeljenosti z naravo ali splošno shemo sistema, kar omogoča tudi dober vpogled v materijo selektivnih davčnih ukrepov. Diplomsko delo skozi teorijo pravnih strokovnjakov in aktualno prakso razmejuje med geografsko in materialno selektivnostjo in skozi prakso razlaga njun razvoj in spremembe. Opredeljuje, kaj pomeni objektivnost koncepta državnih pomoči in kako to vpliva na pogoj selektivnosti.
Keywords:državna pomoč, selektivnost, materialna selektivnost, geografska selektivnost, objektivni koncept državnih pomoči, splošni ukrepi, splošna shema sistema, tri-stopenjska analiza, notranji trg, člen 107 (1) PDEU
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[M. Neuberg]
Year of publishing:2016
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-57063 New window
UDC:339.3(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:5086763 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:YWU3AKJQ
Publication date in DKUM:23.05.2016
Views:1754
Downloads:168
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:SELECTIVITY AS A CONDITION FOR THE EXISTENCE OF STATE AID
Abstract:Slovenia joined the European Union on 1st of May 2004 which made it a part of the Internal Market that is defined by the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union as "an area without internal frontiers in which the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital is ensured in accordance with the provisions of the Treaties." As a member we must refrain from any action which is incompatible with internal market. One of those incompatibilities are practices which could distort competition between countries. Since each of them has an interest to have companies which are competitive on the market, to have low market risk, to increase the growth of the domestic economy and similar, they often turn to granting State Aid to local businesses, which are not in conformity with European Union law and are by that prohibited. A certain measure is recognized as State Aid, if attributable to five cumulative conditions: aid must be granted by the State or be in any way allocated from the State or public funds, there must be assistance in terms of economic benefits, it must be granted selectively, it must or might distort competition and it must or might affect trade between at least two Member States. The condition of selectivity is considered as one of the most difficult conditions and basically means that actions in practice establish a set of economic benefits that are not available to all relevant undertakings in a Member State. Those benefits are established by favouring certain undertakings or the industries and sectors which could by law or in fact lead to unjustified discrimination of the relevant companies. Diploma thesis presents a basic insight into the regulation of state aid, which serves to facilitate further understanding of the content. In essence it focuses on the criterion of selectivity and concentrates on areas which are often an issue or even unfortunate mix. It extends the general explanation of selectivity and separates it from the priorities and general measures. It makes a distinction between selective and general measures and explains the function of the nature or general scheme of the system, which also provides a good insight into the matter of selective tax measures. A description of a theory that makes a distinction between geographical and material selectivity is also included. It interprets their evolution and change through practices. Diploma thesis also defines what objective concept of State aid constitutes of and how this affects the condition of selectivity.
Keywords:State Aid, Selectivity, Material Selectivity, Geographical Selectivity, Objective Nature of the State Aid, General Measures, General Scheme of the System, Three-Step Analysis, Internal Market, Article 107 (1) TFEU


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