STEK KAZNIVIH DEJANJ

Baliban, Dejan

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Title:	STEK KAZNIVIH DEJANJ
Authors:	ID Baliban, Dejan (Author) ID Dežman, Zlatan (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Šošić, Miha (Comentor)
Files:	UN_Baliban_Dejan_2016.pdf (933,23 KB) MD5: 1D4D664906E6EFC1D385E5ECFF1EFFF4
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Undergraduate thesis
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Kazensko pravo v širšem pomenu besede se navezuje na vsa ravnanja, ki niso v skladu z zakonom oziroma so kazniva. V Republiki Sloveniji je uzakonjena tako imenovana dihotomija prepovedanih dejanj, ki dejanja glede na njihovo »težo« kršitve razvršča na prekrške in kazniva dejanja. V prvem delu diplomskega dela je predstavljen splošni pojem kaznivega dejanja, saj bi bila obravnava ostalih institutov brez poznavanja osnovnega pojma kazenskega prava brezpredmetna. Načeloma velja, da storilec z enim dejanje izvrši eno kaznivo dejanje. V praksi pa se pojavljajo tudi primeri, ko temu ni tako. V takšnih primerih je potrebno upoštevati institut steka kaznivih dejanj. Kadar storilec z enim dejanjem izvrši dva ali več kaznivih dejanj oziroma izpolni zakonske znake dveh ali več kaznivih dejanj, nastopi tako imenovani idealni stek kaznivih dejanj. Kadar pa storilec z več dejanji izpolni zakonske znake več kaznivih dejanj, se upoštevajo pravila o realnem steku kaznivih dejanj. Pri slednjem se povezava med posameznimi dejanji kaže predvsem v enotnem kazenskem postopku oziroma obravnavanju zoper storilca. Poseben poudarek je namenjen navideznosti steka (tako idealnega kot realnega). Predstavljena so razmerja oziroma odnosi, ki privedejo do navideznosti steka kaznivih dejanj, ter njegove temeljne pojavne oblike. Drugi del diplomskega dela je namenjen obravnavi situacij, ko storilec s prepovedanim ravnanjem izpolni tako znake za prekršek kot znake kaznivega dejanja. Skupaj s samim pojmom »prekršek« je predstavljeno tudi razmerje (materialnopravno in procesnopravno) med prekrški in kaznivimi dejanji. Procesnopravno razmerje, ki temelji na spoštovanju ustavnega načela »ne bis in idem«, je splošno gledano dobro zakonsko urejeno. Tako se težave načeloma pojavljajo samo ob vprašanju možnosti naknadnega kazenskega postopka, na kar se je že odzvalo Evropsko sodišče za človekove pravice in tudi Ustavno sodišče Republike Slovenije. Za razliko od procesnopravnega razmerja, je materialnopravno razmerje vedno znova tarča kritik. Z odločbo U-I-88/07-17 se je o tem izreklo tudi Ustavno sodišče Republike Slovenije, ki je odločilo, da se zakonski znaki prekrška in kaznivega dejanja ne smejo popolnoma prekrivati, država kot zakonodajalec pa kljub tej odločbi in kritikam pravnih teoretikov še ni odpravila preostalih nepravilnosti.
Keywords:	Kaznivo dejanje, stek kaznivih dejanj, navideznost steka, nadaljevano kaznivo dejanje, prekršek, ne bis in idem.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[D. Baliban]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-57769
UDC:	343.3/.7(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5083179
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:NHR4WVBN
Publication date in DKUM:	20.05.2016
Views:	6745
Downloads:	1372
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	MERGER OF CRIMINALS OFFENCES
Abstract:	Criminal law, in a broader meaning of the word, indicates all actions which are not in accordance with the law and are punishable by law. In the Republic of Slovenia, a so called dichotomy of forbidden actions is enacted, which classifies actions regarding the gravity of infringement and separates them as either administrative offences or criminal acts. In the first part of the diploma thesis, the general concept of criminal act is presented because without knowing the basic concept of criminal law, discussing any of its other institutes would be purposeless. In principle, it applies that with one action an offender executes one criminal act, but in practice there are cases where it is not so. European-continental law treats those cases as the institute of concurrence of criminal acts. When an offender executes two or more criminal acts with one action, a so called ideal concurrence of criminal acts is regarded. On the other hand, when an offender is considered to have executed more criminal acts with more actions, the rules of real concurrence of criminal acts have to be considered. In the latter case, it is all about conducting a joint criminal procedure against the offender. A special emphasis is given to the false concurrence (both, ideal and real). Moreover, relations which lead to illusoriness of concurrence and their basic manifest forms are presented. The second part of the diploma thesis is dedicated to the discussion of situations where an offender simultaneously commits both an administrative offence and a criminal act with one forbidden action. Together with the concept of “offence”, relations (substantive law and procedural law) between offences and criminal acts are presented. Procedural relations, which are based on compliance of the constitutional principle »ne bis in idem« are regulated well by law, therefore there are no major problems when demarcating between the two procedures. Some problems can occur only on the issue of the possibility of subsequent criminal proceedings. Both the European Court of Human Rights and the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia gave their opinion on the matter. On the other hand, substantive law is repeatedly a target of critique. With the decision no. U-I-88/07-17, the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Slovenia also gave its opinion on the matter, deciding that the elements of an administrative offence and a criminal act cannot completely overlap. Regardless of the mentioned decision and critique by the legal theorists, the state as the legislator, has jet to eliminate the remaining irregularities.
Keywords:	criminal act, concurrence of criminal acts, illusoriness of concurrence, continued criminal act, offence, ne bis in idem.

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