VPLIV TIPOV OBIRALNIKOV KORUZE IN HITROSTI VOŽNJE NA KVALITETO LIČKANJA

Petek, Branka

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Title:	VPLIV TIPOV OBIRALNIKOV KORUZE IN HITROSTI VOŽNJE NA KVALITETO LIČKANJA
Authors:	ID Petek, Branka (Author) ID Stajnko, Denis (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	VS_Petek_Branka_2016.pdf (5,15 MB) MD5: 53E4BBBDB9B57409DBFE173628DEC960
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:	FKBV - Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Abstract:	Namen diplomske naloge je analizirati razliko v kvaliteti spravila koruze s starejšim (Tornado 40) in novejšim modelom (Tornado 40 EOL) obiralnika koruze SIP, prav tako pa tudi izgube in poškodbe pridelka, nastale zaradi različne hitrosti spravila. Poskus je bil opravljen na parceli Lesjak (okolici Arje vasi), na srednje poznem hibridu zobanke Saxxoo. Poskusna parcela je bila najprej razdeljena na dva dela glede na tip obiralnika, potem pa smo z vsakim obiralnikom obirali koruzne storže pri štirih različnih prestavah – traktor Torpedo Deutz TX 48 (S1  prva direktna, L2  druga reduktor, L3  tretja reduktor in L4  četrta reduktor) oziroma hitrostih vožnje (varianta) v treh ponovitvah. Posamezna parcelica je bila dolga 50 m in široka za eno vrsto koruznih rastlin (0,70 m). Povprečna izmerjena hitrost pri obiralniku Tornado 40 je znašala pri L2 2,03 km/h, L3 3,02 km/h, L4 4,34 km/h in S1 6,25 km/h. Povprečna izmerjena hitrost pri obiralniku Tornado 40 EOL je znašala pri L2 2,09 km/h, L3 3,11 km/h, L4 4,52 km/h in S1 6,49 km/h. Ko smo strojno obrali posamezno vrsto, smo pobrali še vse neobrane in odpadle storže ter jih ločeno stehtali in spravili v vreče za kasnejšo analizo v laboratoriju. Število ličja na storžu v odvisnosti od hitrosti je bilo boljše pri obiralniku Tornado 40 EOL, saj je bila oličkanost boljša, poškodbe storžev pa zanemarljivo večje (0,5 %), saj je bilo povprečno število ličja na posameznem storžu manjše. Masa izgub pri Tornadu 40 EOL s hitrostjo pada. Z obiralniki koruze oberemo storže koruze v optimalnem času zrelosti in za pogon ne potrebujemo močnega traktorja. Primerna rešitev so predvsem zaradi stroškov sušenja, ki jih na manjših kmetijah ni, saj potem koruzo pospravijo v koruznjake.
Keywords:	koruza, obiralnik, ličkanje, hitrost, spravilo
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-57771
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:NN6MRXIX
Publication date in DKUM:	22.04.2016
Views:	1761
Downloads:	168
Metadata:
Categories:	FKBV
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	THE INFLUENCE OF TYPES OF MAIZE PICKER AND DRIVING SPEED ON HUSKING QUALITY
Abstract:	The goal of this thesis was to find out the difference of harvesting of corncobs between an older model (TORNADO 40) and a newer model (TORNADO 40 EOL), both from SIP maize picker series. We also determined the loss on yield and damage on the corn kernels, depending on the driving speed. The split-plot experiment was conducted on the parcel Lesjak (close to Arja vas) on the medium late dent corn hybrid Saxxoo. First, the experimental parcel was divided into two sub-parcel according to the type of maize picker. After that each sub-parcel was divided into four variants – driving speed, so the quality of husking was evaluated by driving the tractor Torpedo Deutz TX 48 in four different gears (S1  first direct, L2  second reduction unit, L3  third reduction unit and L4  fourth reduction unit). Each variant was repeated three times, so an individual plot was 50 m long and 0.70 m wide. The average measured speed of picker TORNADO 40 reached in L2 2.03 km/h, L3 3.02 km/h, L4 4.34 km/h and in S1 6.25 km/h. The average speed of picker TORNADO 40 EOL reached in L2 2.09 km/h, L3 3.11 km/h, L4 4.52 km/h and in the S1 6.49 km/h. After we picked maize corncobs mechanically, we also picked up the rest corncobs that were left behind manually from the soil and separately weighed each repetition. We put the corncobs in bags for later laboratory analysis. It was proved in the experiment that the grade of husking depends on the driving speed. The percent of unhusked and damaged corn kernels was smaller in TORNADO 40 EOL picker. The weight loss was also smaller at lower speed in TORNADO 40 EOL. With maize pickers one can pick corncobs in preferred (optimal) time and at optimal maturity of maize. We also do not need a strong tractor engine for these purposes, so the maize pickers are the best solution for smaller farms.
Keywords:	maize, picker, husking, losses, harvesting

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