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Title:POSEBNI RAZLOGI ZA ZAVRNITEV REGISTRACIJE TRIDIMENZIONALNIH BLAGOVNIH ZNAMK
Authors:ID Vereš, Viktoria (Author)
ID Repas, Martina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Veres_Viktoria_2016.pdf (1,02 MB)
MD5: 0061AF815A37F4968C381E6BC4A99879
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:V diplomski nalogi je predstavljen pravni položaj tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk. Poudarek je na podrobnejši analizi posebnih absolutnih razlogov za zavrnitev registracije tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk in na predstavitvi ovir, s katerimi se prijavitelji teh blagovnih znamk pri registraciji srečujejo. Posebni absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev registracije tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk prepovedujejo registracijo tistih znamk, ki so sestavljene izključno iz oblike, ki izhaja iz same narave blaga; iz oblike blaga, ki je nujna za dosego tehničnega učinka; in iz oblike, ki daje blagu bistveno vrednost. V kolikor so takšne oblike že registrirane kot znamke, jih je potrebno razveljaviti. Problem, ki se pojavlja v zvezi z navedenimi posebnimi razlogi za zavrnitev registracije tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk, pa je ta, da je besedilo določb, ki se nanašajo na posebne absolutne razloge za zavrnitev tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk, precej ohlapno in tako omogoča različno interpretacijo. Prijaviteljem so za boljšo opredelitev zadevnih posebnih razlogov za zavrnitev registracije v pomoč predvsem odločbe UUNT, obsežna sodna praksa nacionalnih sodišč, Splošnega sodišča EU in Sodišča EU. Odločbe, ki jih je sprejelo Sodišče EU na podlagi predhodnih vprašanj, so zelo pomembne za interpretacijo določb Direktive 2008/95/ES z dne 22. oktobra 2008 o približevanju zakonodaje držav članic v zvezi z blagovnimi in storitvenimi znamkami, Uredbe 207/2009 z dne 26. februarja 2009 o blagovni znamki EU, ki na ravni EU urejata pravni položaj blagovne in storitvene znamke; ter določb Zakona o industrijski lastnini, ki je temeljni pravni vir blagovnih in storitvenih znamk v Republiki Sloveniji. Pravni sistem blagovnih in storitvenih znamk je bil v zadnjih mesecih podvržen večjim spremembam, rezultat katerih sta Uredba (EU) 2015/2424 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 16. decembra 2015, ki bo stopila v veljavo 23. marca 2016, ter Direktiva (EU) 2015/2463 Evropskega parlamenta in Sveta z dne 16. decembra o približevanju zakonodaje držav članic v zvezi z blagovnimi znamkami. Besedilo navedene direktive bodo države članice morale v roku treh let prenesti v nacionalno zakonodajo (najkasneje do 15. januarja 2019). V novem pravnem okviru blagovne znamke EU je opuščena zahteva po grafičnem prikazu znaka, ki mora biti za uspešno registracijo izpolnjena v sedanjem pravnem sistemu. To pomeni lažjo pot do uspešne registracije tridimenzionalnih blagovnih znamk, saj je prijaviteljem teh vrst blagovnih znamk nekoliko težje izpolniti navedeno zahtevo. Nadalje se je razširilo besedilo posebnih absolutnih razlogov za zavrnitev registracije, ki sedaj zajema tudi druge značilnosti znaka, in ne le obliko. Z drugimi besedami povedano, so v novem pravnem sistemu podvrženi zavrnitvi pred registracijo vsi znaki, ki izvirajo iz same narave blaga, ali so nujni za dosego tehničnega učinka, ali dajejo blagu bistveno vrednost. Iz tega lahko zaključimo, da so zadevnim posebnim izključitvenim razlogom v novem pravnem okviru podvržene vse vrste blagovnih znamk in ne le tridimenzionalne blagovne znamke.
Keywords:Netradicionalna znamka, tridimenzionalna znamka, registracija, znak, grafični prikaz, razlikovalni učinek, dojemanje povprečnega potrošnika, absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev tridimenzionalnega znaka.
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[V. Vereš]
Year of publishing:2016
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-57797 New window
UDC:347.78(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:5078059 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:R10CZT6K
Publication date in DKUM:17.05.2016
Views:1486
Downloads:159
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The special grounds for refusal of three-dimensional trade marks
Abstract:This thesis analyses the legal status of three-dimensional trade marks. The emphasis is put on the detailed analysis of the special absolute grounds for refusal of three-dimensional trade mark registration, and on the explanation of the issues which arise when trying to register a three-dimensional trade mark. The special absolute grounds for refusal of three-dimensional trade marks prevent the registration of a shape, resulting from the nature of the good itself; shape of a product, necessary to obtain a technical effect; and of a shape which gives a substantial value to the product. If such a sign is already registered as a trade mark, it must be declared invalid. The problem that arises in relation to those specific grounds for refusal of registration of three-dimensional trademark, is that the text of the provisions relating to special absolute grounds for refusal of three-dimensional trademark, are rather vague, allowing different interpretations . For better understanding of the special absolute grounds for registration refusal of, the applicant should review decisions of OHIM and the extensive case law of the national courts, European Court of Justice and of the General Court into cosideration. The extensive case law of the European Court of Justice plays a very important role in the interpretation of the provisions of the Directive 2008/95/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council Regulation (EC) no. 207/2009 on the Community trade mark, which regulates the three-dimensional marks at the European Union level. The special grounds for refusal are also discussed from the perspective of ZIL-1, which is the fundamental act that regulates the three-dimensional marks in Slovenia. The european system of trade mark has faced some changes in the last few months with the Regulation (EU) 2015/2424 of the European parliament and of the Council of 16. december 2015, and Directive 2015/2436 of the European parliamnt and of the Council of 16. december 2015. The new legal system of trade mark will enter into force on 23. March 2016. The Member States will need to apply the Directive 2015/2436 into national law within three years (until 15. Januar 2019).The new legal system has waived the requirement for graphical presentation of the sign, which must be fulfilled for successful registration in the current legal system. This means easier path to successful registration of three-dimensional trade marks. Furthermore, under the reforms, the special ground for refusal will be extended to any sign which consists exclusively of “another characteristic” which results from the nature of the goods, is necessary to obtain a technical results or gives substantial value to the goods. The special grounds for refusal have been widened to extend to other marks, not only to three-dimensional trade marks.
Keywords:Non-traditional trade marks, three-dimensional trade mark, registration, sign, graphical presentation, distinctivness, perception of the average consumer, absolute grounds for refusal of registration.


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