Roki za uveljavljanje neistovetnosti po dunajski konvenciji: analiza sodne prakse

Rotman, Janez

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Title:	Roki za uveljavljanje neistovetnosti po dunajski konvenciji: analiza sodne prakse
Authors:	ID Rotman, Janez (Author) ID Kranjc, Vesna (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Rotman_Janez_2016.pdf (821,84 KB) MD5: 8BD2E8E61B8D70FB660B32B31DEB640F
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Dunajska konvencija določa zahtevno sistematiko rokov za uveljavljanje neistovetnosti, ki od kupca zahteva aktivno in hitro postopanje na vsakem koraku. Na abstraktni ravni, je za vsak rok, tako za pregled, grajanje in uveljavljanje zahtevkov zaradi neistovetnosti blaga s pogodbo, določen standard primernega roka, pri čemer je interpretacija le tega odvisna od okoliščin konkretnega primera, ter od namena samega instituta. Naloga sodišč je tako, da zapolnijo te nedoločne pravne pojme z vsebino, ob upoštevanju mednarodnega značaja Dunajske konvencije in načela avtonomne razlage. Na podlagi analize sodne prakse ne moremo v primeru nobenega roka, govoriti o fiksaciji na točno določena časovna obdobja (razen v primeru prekluzivnega roka iz člena 39(2) CISG), saj je to v nasprotju z idejo prilagodljivosti določb Dunajske konvencije okoliščinam konkretnega primera, vseeno pa lahko, še posebej na področju grajanja neistovetnosti, zasledimo tendenco po vpeljevanju predvidljivosti v interpretacijo, še posebej pri odločitvah sodišč, ki prihajajo iz kontinentalnih pravnih sistemov. Noble month pristop, v skladu s katerim se kot povprečen rok za grajanje neistovetnosti, ob neobstoju okoliščin, ki bi narekovale njegovo podaljšanje ali skrajšanje, predlaga enomesečni rok, je pogosto citiran, še posebej v primeru sodb sodišč kontinentalnih pravnih sistemov. Pri odmeri rokov sodišča največkrat upoštevajo naravo blaga, predvsem njegovo pokvarljivost oz. obstojnost, dogovore med strankama, sezonsko naravo blaga, zahtevnost oz. kompleksnost (okoliščine so navedene primeroma), vendar problem marsikdaj predstavlja predvsem neobrazloženost vpliva teh okoliščin na trajanje rokov, kar onemogoča njihovo konkretizacijo, posledično pa vpliva tudi na predvidljivost sodnega odločanja.
Keywords:	Dunajska konvencija, roki za uveljavljanje neistovetnosti, pregled, grajanje, odstop od pogodbe, popravilo blaga, zamenjava blaga, neskladnost, narava blaga, primerni rok.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[J. Rotman]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-59556
UDC:	347.4/.5(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5120811
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:0WVYTFM5
Publication date in DKUM:	30.06.2016
Views:	2313
Downloads:	211
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	TIME LIMITS FOR NON - CONFORMITY CLAIMS ACCORDING TO THE UN CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS:CASE LAW ANALYSIS
Abstract:	The United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods provides a complex system of time periods for non-conformity claims which requires from the buyer a fast and active approach on every step of the way. It sets a standard of reasonbleness which applies in cases of time periods for examination, notice of non-conformity and even non-conformity claims, wherein the interpretation of which depends on circumstances of a particular case. Therefore, the courts must fill this indefinite standard with meaning, taking into account the international character and the principle of autonomous interpretation. Based on case law analysis presented in the thesis paper, we can not conclude that courts interpret the above mentioned standard as a fixed time period (except in case of the cut off period provided by article 39(2) CISG), but there is nonetheless a tendency towards predictability of judicial interpretation, especially in case of time periods for notice of non conformity, when viewing the case law from continental legal systems. The noble month approach, according to which an average time period for notice of non conformity is one month, which can be adjusted to each direction taking into account the circumstances of a particular case, is often cited, particullary in case law of courts from continental legal systems. When interpreting the time periods courts usually take into account factors such as nature of goods, especially their perishable or durable nature, agreements between parties, seasonal nauture of goods and the complexity of goods (these factors are just examples of such factors), however the main problem is lack of explanation of the impact of these factors on the length of the time periods, which prevents their further concretization and contributes to unpredictability of judicial interpretation.
Keywords:	non conformity, examination, notification, repair, delivery of substitute goods, reasonableness, avoidance.

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