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Title:DEJAVNIKI POLITIČNE RADIKALIZACIJE V ISLAMU IN KATOLIŠTVU
Authors:ID Januš, Peter (Author)
ID Lavrič, Miran (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Janus_Peter_2016.pdf (1,66 MB)
MD5: D9B4A8970911948243918507EE1D2CC2
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:Diplomsko delo obravnava dejavnike politične radikalizacije v islamu in katolištvu. Cilj diplomskega dela je s pomočjo religiološke, teološke in sociološke primerjave obeh religij izluščiti, opredeliti, definirati, analizirati ter opisati nekatere bistvene dejavnike politične radikalizacije, značilne za obe. Namen je ugotoviti, razložiti morebitne razlike in nejasnosti med obema religijama. Diplomsko delo je izrazito teoretično in temelji na analizi ter primerjavi različnih strokovnih virov oziroma literature. Ugotavljamo, da kljub številni literaturi, ki je izšla na temo povezanosti monoteizma z nasiljem, kljub njegovim številnim strukturnim značilnostim, iz katerih nasilje izhaja, kljub dejavnikom njegove radikalizacije, ki smo jih opredelili, neposredne povezave med monoteizmom in nasiljem ne moremo potrditi. Po Assmannu je takšen strukturni element prav jezik nasilja, ki ga najdemo v razodetju slama in katolištva, fundamentalistični posamezniki pa ga zlorabljajo kot sredstvo v političnem boju za oblast. Tako zlorabljen jezik nasilja pa postane dejavnik radikalizacije pripadnikov obeh religij. Za religiozno nasilje je po Assmannu torej kriv fundamentalizen kot izraz politike. Razodetje obe religiji pojmujeta kot božji nagovor, delovanje, s katerim se ta z besedami in dejanji predstavlja, razkriva človeku. Razodetje je torej božja beseda v islamu zapisana v Koranu (kot božja beseda dobesedno), ki ga je Mohamed prejel po božjem nareku. V katolištvu je razodetje Biblija, zapisana po božjem navdihu in sam Kristus kot »Bog z nami in med nami« (učlovečena božja beseda neposredno). Obe religiji v povezavi z razodetjem poudarjata njegovo končnost, polnost in gotovost resnice, kar ju po Assmannu uvršča med ekskluzivne monoteizme. Iz razodetja pripadniki verskih skupnosti črpajo pomene in smisle za vsakdanje življenje. Avtorizirani razlagalci pa iz razodetja izpeljujejo nauke, pravila, norme in vrednote, po katerih njihovi pripadniki morajo živeti. V vsakdanjem življenju vernikov se to najbolj kaže v obliki moralnih norm in verskih dolžnosti. Razodetje je pa tudi merilo, na osnovi katerega religijske institucije (avtorizirani razlagalci) za svoje pripadnike določajo podobo Boga, človeka, sveta. Opredeljujejo pa tudi odnose med ljudmi, odnose do drugih religij in vernikov, do svetih knjig (razodetja), do svetnih oblasti, sveta ter notranje organizacije religij. Ker pa obe različno pojmujeta razodetje, so prav omenjene razsežnosti tiste, po katerih se med seboj najbolj razlikujeta. Glede vloge političnih, gospodarskih, kapitalističnih teženj oziroma interesov Zahoda in Vzhoda pri radikalizaciji religije z gotovostjo trdimo, da te ne pripomorejo k umiritvi razme in zmanjšanju radikalizacije – ravno nasprotno – predstavljajo dejavnik, ki radikalizacijo pospešuje in lajša. Če nam tudi na osnovi medsebojnega dialoga na posvetni in religijski ravni, izobraževanja, integracije ne bi uspelo zagotoviti mirne koeksistence, potem je možno rešitev urejanja odnosov med zahodnimi sekularnimi, večinoma krščanskimi državami ter islamom v civilnem, posvetnem zakonu o islamu, kot na primer v Avstriji.
Keywords:religija, monoteizem in nasilje, razodetje, islam, katolištvo, rimskokatoliška cerkev, religija in nasilje, radikalizacija religije, dejavniki politične radikalizacije.
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[P. Januš]
Year of publishing:2016
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-59577 New window
UDC:316.74:2:316.454.56
COBISS.SI-ID:22556168 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:3RQEHMN7
Publication date in DKUM:20.09.2016
Views:1743
Downloads:141
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:FACTORS OF POLITICAL RADICALIZATION IN ISLAM AND CATHOLICISM
Abstract:The thesis addresses the factors of political radicalization in Islam and Catholicism. It aims at inferring, determining, analyzing and describing some in our opinion substantial factors of political radicalization, representative for both religions, by means of religious, theological and sociological comparisons of both religions in order to determine and explain possible differences and confusions between both religions. The thesis is highly theoretical and is based on the analysis and comparison of different professional sources. In my thesis I established that (1) despite the numerous published sources about the connection of monotheism and violence that is also a subject in this thesis, despite the many structural characteristics of monotheism that were derived on basis of the given sources and from which violence of monotheism results and despite the many factors of radicalization of monotheisms that were determined, no direct connection between monotheism and violence could be confirmed. (2) According to Assmann the language of violence that can be found in the revelation in Islam as well as Catholicism is such a structural element and is abused by fundamentalist individuals as a means in political fight for power. This kind of abused language of violence can become a factor of radicalization of members of Islam or Catholicism. Assmann says that fundamentalism, as an expression of politics is responsible for religious violence. (3) Both religions consider revelation as a speech of God, with which God represents Himself in words and acts and reveals Himself to man. Revelation is the word of God, in Islam written down in the Koran (literally as the word of God) that Mohamed received through God’s dictation. In Catholicism revelation is the Bible, written down as God’s inspiration and Christ Himself as “God with us and among us” (the directly incorporated word of God). Related to revelation both religions point out its ephemerality, wholeness and certainty of truth, which according to Assmann, classifies them both as exclusive monotheism. (4) Members of religious communities source the significance and meaning of life from revelation. Authorized explainers derive from revelation the word, rules, norms and values that their religious members should live by. In everyday life of religious members this is demonstrated as forms of moral norms and religious duties. But revelation is also the criteria on the basis of which religious institutions (authorized explainers) determine the image of God, man and the world for their members which serves as foundation for establishing human relations, relations towards other religions and religious members, the relationship towards the holy books (revelations) and ways of their interpretation, the relationship towards religious authorities, the world and the internal organization of the religion. Both religions have a different opinion of revelation, therefore are the mentioned dimensions the criteria, which differentiate them the most. (5) Concerning the role of political, economical and capitalistic trends or interests of the “West” and the “East” in the radicalization of religion we can state with certainty that these do not only help in controlling the situation and decreasing radicalization, but on the contrary also represent a factor that facilitates radicalization. (6) In case if also on the basis of dialogue (on a laic and religious level) and integration we fail to insure peaceful coexistence, then a possible solution of regulating relations between Western secular, mostly catholic countries, and Islam, can certainly be seen in the civil, laic law about Islam, as for example is known in Austria.
Keywords:Religion, monotheism and violence, revelation, Islam, Catholicism, Roman-Catholic Church, religion and violence, radicalization of religion, factors of political radicalization.


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