ANTIČNI GRKI NA OBMOČJU DANAŠNJE REPUBLIKE HRVAŠKE

Janežič, Petra

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Title:	ANTIČNI GRKI NA OBMOČJU DANAŠNJE REPUBLIKE HRVAŠKE
Authors:	ID Janežič, Petra (Author) ID Maver, Aleš (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Janezic_Petra_2016.pdf (1,35 MB) MD5: 6891089E4905BB5C360F7B8D96B34E7E
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:	Že pred dobo velike kolonizacije med 8. in 6. stoletjem pr. Kr., ko so antični Grki ustanovili prvo kolonijo Kórkyro Melaino (Korkiro Melajno) na tleh današnje Republike Hrvaške, so Grki prihajali v stik s prebivalci te dežele, kar dokazujejo sicer skromne najdbe iz mikenske dobe. Na celotnem ozemlju vzhodnega Jadrana je živelo staroselsko ljudstvo – Iliri, s katerimi so Grki že takrat vzpostavili trgovinsko izmenjavo. Ponovni in intenzivnejši stiki Grkov s hrvaškim ozemljem so se zgodili v dobi »sekundarne grške kolonizacije« ob koncu 4. st. pr. Kr., ko so Grki kolonizirali otoke v Dalmaciji. Ustanovili so nekaj kolonij, naselij in svetišč. Med kolonijami so najpomembnejše Isa, Faros, Tragurij, Epetij, Herakleja in nepoznana kolonija v Lumbardi na Korčuli. Iz zadnjega kraja izvira tudi najstarejši dokument, Lumbardska psefizma, o razdelitvi zemlje na Hrvaškem. Da so se grški pomorščaki počutili varneje pri ponovnem odkrivanju nekoč že poznanega dela sveta, so antični pisci v to območje locirali številne legende in mite. Iz 4. st. pr. Kr. izvira tudi najstarejšo ohranjeno besedilo Períplous (Plovba), ki opisuje hrvaško obalo. Grke je pot zanesla tudi v hrvaško Istro, kjer so predvsem v kraju Nezakcij odkrili raznovrstni arheološki material, ki dokazuje grško prisotnost na tem območju. V teku osvanjanja novih ozemlj so si Grki podredili tam živeče Ilire in v kolonijah vzpostavili enak način življenja kot v matični deželi. Med Grki in Iliri je prišlo tudi do prvega oboroženega spopada na hrvaških tleh, in sicer na otoku Hvaru ob ustanovitvi kolonije Faros leta 385./4 pr. Kr. Na območjih nekdanjih kolonij so arheologi našli številni arheološki material, od keramike, novcev, napisov, orodij, nakita, ostankov obzidij, svetišč, zemljiške parcelacije, kar nam omogoča rekonstrukcijo takratnega načina življenja na Hrvaškem.
Keywords:	antični Grki, kolonizacija, Hrvaška, Iliri, Issa, Pharos, Kórkyro Melaina, Palagruža, Lumbardska psefizma.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[P. Janežič]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-60108
UDC:	94(38)
COBISS.SI-ID:	23622152
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:YQVUA0AW
Publication date in DKUM:	01.02.2018
Views:	2106
Downloads:	214
Metadata:
Categories:	FF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	ANCIENT GREEKS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE PRESENT-DAY REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Abstract:	Even prior to the great Ancient Greek colonization during the eighth and sixth centuries BC, when they founded their first colony Kórkyro Melaina on the present-day territory of the Republic of Croatia, the Ancient Greeks had established a contact with the inhabitants of this region, as evidenced by the modest findings from the Mycenaean era. They had already then established trade exchanges with the Illyrians, indigenous people who lived throughout the territory of the eastern Adriatic. Renewed and more intensive contacts of the Ancient Greeks with the Croatian territory were established in the age of the so-called secondary Greek colonization at the end of the fourth century BC, when they colonized the Dalmatian islands. They founded some colonies, settlements and sanctuaries. Issa, Pharos, Tragurij, Epetij and Heraklea are some of the most important ones, together with the rather unknown Lumbarda colony, located on Korčula. Lumbarda Psephisma, the oldest document on the distribution of the present-day Croatian territory, originates from there. The ancient writers fitted many myths and legends into this region so that the Ancient Greek seafarers would feel more secure during re-discovering the once already well-known part of the world. Períplous (Navigation), the oldest preserved text describing the present-day Croatian coast, also originates from the fourth century BC. The Greeks also travelled to the Croatian Istria, where various archaeological material providing evidence of their presence has been discovered, mostly in the place called Nezakcij (Nesactium). After conquering new territories, the Ancient Greeks subordinated the native Illyrians and established the same way of life as in their home country. During founding the Pharos colony on the island of Hvar in 385/4 BC, the first armed conflict between the Greeks and the Illyrians on the present-day Croatian territory occurred. In the former colony areas, archaeologists have found various archaeological material (ceramics, coins, inscriptions, tools, jewellery, remains of walls and sanctuaries, and land division) which enable us to research and reconstruct the ancient way of life throughout this area of the present-day Croatia.
Keywords:	the Ancient Greeks, colonization, Croatia, Illyrians, Issa, Pharos, Kórkyro Melaina, Palagruža, Lumbarda Psephisma.

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