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Title:USTVARJANJE ZMEDE V JAVNOSTI KOT POGOJ KRŠITVE ZNAMKE - PRIMER NIZKOCENOVNIH IZDELKOV, KI Z EMBALAŽO POSNEMAJO ZNANE BLAGOVNE ZNAMKE
Authors:ID Harc, Tilen (Author)
ID Repas, Martina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Harc_Tilen_2016.pdf (22,14 MB)
MD5: 46CD95990A56B85EA4517C615A34FA5D
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Undergraduate thesis
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:V obdobju, ko vedno bolj pogosto merimo kvaliteto podjetja ali posameznika tako, da ugotavljamo kakšen dobiček pri udejstvovanju na gospodarskem in tržnem področju je bil ustvarjen s strani le-tega, so postale blagovne znamke ključne za prepoznavanje določenih proizvajalcev in njihovih izdelkov, prav tako pa se blagovne znamke lahko dojema predvsem kot varovalo pred kršitvami tekmecev oziroma konkurence. Z blagovnimi znamkami si podjetje lahko pridobi razlikovalni učinek, na podlagi katerega posamezniki lahko sklepajo od koga je izdelek, od kod izvira, na kakšen način je bil narejen, kakšna je kvaliteta in podobno. Nosilec vseh teh elementov so blagovne znamke, ki zaradi svoje pomembnosti morajo biti ustrezno zaščitene. V slovenski zakonodaji za zaščito blagovnih znamk velja Zakon o industrijski lastnini, ki to področje celovito ureja. Še posebej pomemben je 47. člen ZIL-1, ki se nanaša na kršitve, torej na dejanja, ki kot taka niso zaželena in predstavljajo poseg v pravice drugega. Ob tem je potrebno razumeti, da se velikokrat zgodi, da določenega dejanja konkurenta ne moremo uvrstiti pod kršitve blagovne znamke, saj za to niso izpolnjeni vsi pogoji. Kljub temu obstaja določeno varstvo tudi za takšne primere in sicer v Zakonu o preprečevanju omejevanja konkurence, natančeje v 63.a členu. Omenjen člen pojasnjuje v katerih primerih je mogoče določeno ravnanje konkurenta razlagati kot dejanje nelojalne konkurence. Ključna problematika, ki je obravnavana v diplomski nalogi se nanaša na podobnost embalaže, torej na situacije, ko je embalaža enega izdelka določenega podjetja po izgledu podobna embalaži drugega izdelka drugega podjetja. Iz tega izhaja, da gre lahko bodisi za kršitev znamke, v kolikor so za to izpolnjeni pogoji, ki se navezujejo na to, kaj je bilo kot znamka registrirano, bodisi pa lahko gre za dejanja nelojalne konkurence. Prav tako obstaja možnost, da v določenem primeru hkrati gre za oboje, torej za kršitev znamke in za dejanje nelojalne konkurence, ob čemer pa je potrebno poudariti, da je dokazovanje kršitve znamke na podlagi ZIL-1 lažje dokazati. Glede na trd boj, ki poteka med konkuretni oziroma med različnimi podjetji, pri katerem šteje vsak pridobljen potrošnik in na ta račun vsak zaslužen denar, je črta med ustreznim ravnanjem podjetij in napačnim ravnanjem pogosto že zelo zamaknjena. Bodisi je mogoče dejanja razlagati kot kršitve blagovnih znamk bodisi kot dejanja nelojalna konkurence, dejstvo pa je, da je zadev, pri katerih moramo kot potrošniki biti zelo pozorni, da nismo speljani v zmoto, vedno več.
Keywords:znamka, relativni razlogi za zavrnitev registracije znamke, industrijska lastnina, kršitev znamke, podobnost in verjetnost zmede, nelojalna konkurenca
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[T. Harc]
Year of publishing:2016
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-61294 New window
UDC:346.545(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:5312299 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:497QHW4L
Publication date in DKUM:18.11.2016
Views:1697
Downloads:301
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:PUBLIC CONFUSION REGARDING THE VIOLATION OF TRADEMARKS - THE COPYING EFFECTS OF LOW COST PRODUCTS AGAINST WELL KNOWN TRADEMARKS
Abstract:In the time when measurement of the quality of companies or individuals is more and more based on what profit they make on the economic ballroom, the bigger is the importance of trade marks. Trademarks have become the key instrument for the identification of certain manufacturers and their products and they are also preventing legal breaches from other competitors. With trade marks a company can acquire a distinctive character under which individuals can conclude from whom the product is, where it originates from, how it was made, what is the quality etc. Due to the importance of trade marks and due to the elemtents they carry it is a must to protect them adequately. In the Slovenian law trade marks are protected under the Intellectual Property Act (also known as: ZIL-1) which comprehensively regulates this area. Important in particular are the relative grounds for refusal mentioned in Article 44 of ZIL-1. Key to protection is also the Article 47 of the ZIL-1, which relates to an infringement, which can be understood as acts that are not desirable and constitute an interference with the rights of others. It is necessary to understand that it often happens that a particular action of a competitor can not be classified under the trademark infringement. Nevertheless, there is some protection for such cases based under the Prevention of Restriction of Competition Act (also knows as: ZPOmK-1). The article that has the most importance is the Article 63.a which states in which cases the behavior of competitors can be interpreted as an act of unfair competition. The key issue that is discussed in this thesis is the similarity of product packaging. For example: the packaging of a particular product is similar in appearance to the packaging of other products of other companies. Based on that we can either say that this behaviour can an infringement of the trade mark or this can be an act of unfair competition. There is also a possibility that we have both. In this case it is a lot easier to prove infringement of the trade mark then acts of unfair competition. Given the tough fight that takes place between different companies in which only each obtained consumer counts, the line between the proper handling and malpractice is often shifted in either direction. Either some actions can be interpreted as acts of trademark infringements either as acts of unfair competition, the biggest concern is that we as consumers have to be very careful that we are not driven into the wrong direction.
Keywords:trademarks, service mark, relative grounds for refusal, Industrial Property, creating confusion among consumers, acts of unfair competition.


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