Sociološka analiza vzpona salafizma v 21. stoletju

Vrbnjak, Mateja

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Naslov:	Sociološka analiza vzpona salafizma v 21. stoletju
Avtorji:	ID Vrbnjak, Mateja (Avtor) ID Lavrič, Miran (Mentor) Več o mentorju...
Datoteke:	UN_Vrbnjak_Mateja_2016.pdf (1,16 MB) MD5: CDEE3358F0F5FA3BEFD42FE967BC0D1C
Jezik:	Slovenski jezik
Vrsta gradiva:	Diplomsko delo
Tipologija:	2.11 - Diplomsko delo
Organizacija:	FF - Filozofska fakulteta
Opis:	Osnovni namen diplomske naloge je bila analiza vzpona salafizma v 21. stoletju. Poskušala sem ugotoviti ali, oziroma v kolikšni meri, je salafizem v vzponu ter ugotoviti razloge za ta vzpon. Predvsem v okviru analize vzrokov za vzpon salafizma sem uporabila primerjalno metodo, saj sem delala primerjavo z analizo vzpona krščanstva, ki jo je oblikoval Rodney Stark. S konceptualno analizo sem opredelila določene koncepte, z zgodovinsko metodo pa sem opisala začetke salafizma. Ugotovila sem, da je v dojemanju islama med salafisti in ostalimi muslimani razlika predvsem ta, da salafisti zagovarjajo in izvajajo vrnitev k veri in delovanju tako imenovanih pobožnih prednikov, ki jih predstavljajo prve tri generacije islamskih vladarjev, imenovane tudi ‘Salaf’. Te tri generacije sta odlikovala vzorna pobožnost in vojaška osvajanja, hkrati pa njihovo obdobje velja za zlato dobo islama. Salafisti zato povezujejo željo po uspešnosti islamskega sveta z zahtevo po očiščenju verskih predstav in praks ter vrnitvi k veri prvih muslimanov. Zagovarjajo strogi monoteizem in nasprotujejo delitvam znotraj islama. V odnosu do drugih religij nasprotujejo dialogu ter praviloma zavračajo vse, kar ni skladno z njihovo predstavo avtentičnega islama. Salafiste lahko danes razdelimo v tri skupine: puriste, aktiviste ter džihadiste. Džihadisti se od puristov ter aktivistov razlikujejo predvsem po tem, da poudarjajo pomen svete vojne in podpirajo uporabo nasilja. Analizirala sem vzpon samo te skupine salafizma, saj so podatki javno dostopni le za to skupino, hkrati pa je trenutno tudi najbolj zanimiva ter medijsko odmevna. Ugotovila sem, da je (vsaj džihadistični) salafizem v 21. stoletju na globalni ravni v porastu. Po Starkovem modelu vzpona krščanstva sem analizirala razloge za vzpon salafizma, našla sem jih predvsem v uspešnem verbalnem novačenju, porastu informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije, v rekrutiranju predvsem mladih ljudi, ki so še v procesu izoblikovanja lastne identitete, v rekrutiranju ljudi z nizkim socialnim statusom, ki so zaradi nezadovoljstva s svojim položajem bolj sorazmerno dovzetni za radikalne ideje, v razočaranju, ki je povezano z družbeno-ekonomskimi problemi v islamskem svetu, ter v tem, da salafizem vsebuje veliko skupnih prvin z zmernim islamom, iz katerega prestopa večina konvertitov.
Ključne besede:	salafizem, vahabizem, islam, Koran
Kraj izida:	Maribor
Založnik:	[M. Vrbnjak]
Leto izida:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-62120
UDK:	316.75:29:28(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	22553864
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:R99SOJBR
Datum objave v DKUM:	20.09.2016
Število ogledov:	1504
Število prenosov:	134
Metapodatki:
Področja:	FF FNM
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Sekundarni jezik

Jezik:	Angleški jezik
Naslov:	Sociological analysis of the rise of salafism in the 21st century
Opis:	The main task of the diploma thesis was to analyze the rise of Salafism in the 21st century. The purpose was to try and establish how much Salafism has risen and what are the reasons for this rise. In the framework of the analysis, the comparative method was primarily used because a comparison was made with the analysis of the rise of Christianity, written by Rodney Stark. Conceptual method was used to determine certain concepts and the historical method was used to describe the beginnings of Salafism. The findings show that there is a difference in how Salafists perceive Islam in comparison to other Muslims. Salafists advocate and undertake the return to faith and the workings of the so-called devout ancestors, which are represented by the first three generations of Islamic rulers, also named "salaf". These three generations were distinguished by their exemplary piety and military conquests while at the same time their period is considered as the golden age of Islam. Salafists therefore combine the desire for the prosperity of the Islamic world with the demand on purifying religious notions and practices and the return to faith of the first Muslims. They advocate strict monotheism and contradict divisions within Islam. In relation to other religions they oppose dialogue and reject everything that is not in accordance with their perception of the authentic Islam. Salafists can nowadays be divided into three groups: purists, activists and jihadists. Jihadists differ from purists and activists mostly in the way that they emphasize the relevance of holy war and support the use of violence. The thesis has focused its analysis on the rise of this division of Salafism, since data is publicly accessible only for this group, while at the same time this group holds the greatest interest and has wide media coverage. The thesis determined that (at least Jihadist) Salafism is on the global rise in the 21st century. Based on the Stark’s model on the rise of Christianity different reasons for the rise of Salafism were analyzed, they are mostly the result of successful verbal recruitment, the increase of information and communication technology, recruitment of predominantly young people who are still in the process of forming their personal identity, recruitment of people with a low social status who are relatively susceptible to radical ideas because of the dissatisfaction with their status, disappointment that is connected to socio-economic problems in the Islamic word and in the fact that Salafism shares many collective elements with moderate Islam from where the majority of converters originate.
Ključne besede:	Salafism, Wahhabism, Islam, Koran

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