MODIFIKACIJA POGODB PO DUNAJSKI KONVENCIJI O MEDNARODNI PRODAJI BLAGA

Vrabič, Matic

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Title:	MODIFIKACIJA POGODB PO DUNAJSKI KONVENCIJI O MEDNARODNI PRODAJI BLAGA
Authors:	ID Vrabič, Matic (Author) ID Ferčič, Aleš (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UN_Vrabic_Matic_2016.pdf (1,89 MB) MD5: 3FD875217E896B85ACA311E491B04538
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Undergraduate thesis
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Modifikacija pogodb je v CISG, skupaj z razvezo urejena v čl. 29 CISG. Temelji predvsem na načelu avtonomije volje strank, ki strankam omogoča, da prosto vstopajo v pogodbena razmerja. Spreminjanje in razveza pogodb v principu nista podvržena nobenim zahtevam o obličnosti, kar je posledica uveljavitve načela neformalnosti. Posledično se ne uporabijo morebitna pravila o obličnosti na katera nakazujejo domači pravni redi posameznih držav, kot je npr. konsideracija v anglosaških pravnih sistemih ali kavza v kontinentalnih pravnih sistemih. Lahko pa stranki z dogovorom odstopita od tega načela in za konkretno pravno razmerje ustanovita obveznost obličnosti. Možni so tudi primeri, ko se CISG kot pogodbeni statut uveljavlja s pridržkom glede II dela konvencije. V teh primerih je obstoj zahteve po obličnosti odvisen od pravnega reda na katerega napotijo kolizijska pravila, saj ureditev iz tega pravnega sistema nadomesti pravila konvencije o sklepanju, spreminjanju in razvezi pogodb. Za formacijo pogodbe je ključnega pomena obstoj soglasja volj. Pri modifikaciji se za ugotavljanje konsenza o sklenitvi pogodbe smiselno uporabljajo pravila o formaciji pogodbe iz II dela CISG (čl. 14-24 CISG). V tem delu konvencija dokaj zvesto sledi klasični teoriji ponudbe in sprejema, vendar predvideva tudi alternativne načine sklepanja pogodb. Da se neka pravno relevantna izjava volje lahko šteje za ponudbo so potrebni naslednji elementi. Ponudba mora biti dana eni ali več točno določenim osebam, biti mora dovolj določena ali vsaj določljiva hkrati pa mora biti razviden tudi namen ponudnika biti zavezan v primeru akcepta ponudbe. Bistvene sestavine ponudbe, ki morajo biti dovolj določene ali določljive so praviloma blago količina ter cena. Poleg izrecnih izjav volje, ki neposredno izkazujejo namen strank, je mogoče soglasje volj ugotavljati tudi na podlagi konkludentnih dejanj ali ravnanj strank.
Keywords:	sprememba pogodbe, modifikacija pogodbe, razveza pogodbe, soglasje volj, ponudba, sprejem, akcept, konsideracija, kolizija splošnih pogojev poslovanja, obličnost, načelo neformalnosti, načelo avtonomije volje strank
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[M. Vrabič]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-63372
UDC:	339.13(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5250347
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:RQBZOZD7
Publication date in DKUM:	18.11.2016
Views:	4045
Downloads:	147
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	CONTRACT MODIFICATION UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON CONTRACTS FOR THE INTERNATIONAL SALE OF GOODS
Abstract:	CISG deals with contract modification together with termination of contracts in Art. 29 CISG. It is based on the principle of party autonomy , which establishes the parties' freedom to enter in contractual relations. In general CISG follows the principle of informality. Therefore, no requirements regarding form are necessary. That includes certain instruments arising from different national law orders, such as consideration or causa. The parties may, however , deviate from such freedom of form and agree on some sort of forml requirements. The may, for instance, agree that all modifications need to be in writing and that oral modifications are ineffective. There is also the possibility that CISG is used as the relevant law without it's part II, which contains provisions on contract formation. In those instances, whether there is any requirements as to form depends on which law is relevant according to the rules on conflict of law. Establishing that there is an agreement between the parties regarding their contractual relationship is essential when viewing contract formation. In that regard, rules on contract formation set forth in part II CISG apply (Art. 14-24 CISG). The Convention follows the classic theory of offer and acceptance in order to determine whether a contract has been concluded. An offer needs to be adressed to one or more specific persons, it has to be sufficiently definite and it has to indicate the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance. The necessary content that has to be sufficiently definite most commonly includes the type of goods, price and quantity. Apart from determening the parties' agreement trough offer and acceptance, the same can be made with regard to certain parties' actions indicating their intention to form an agreement and enter into a contractual relationship.
Keywords:	contract modification, contract terminaton, agreement, offerm acceptance, consideration, causa, battle of forms, form requirements

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