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Title:Patološke osebnostne poteze odraslih oseb z depresivnimi značilnostmi
Authors:ID Marko, Deborah (Author)
ID Benedik, Emil (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Marko_Deborah_2017.pdf (1,10 MB)
MD5: 76E2062335018980B7E47FD3AFEEED4D
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FF - Faculty of Arts
Abstract:Depresija je duševna motnja, katere povod lahko razumemo v kombinaciji posameznikove osebnostne ranljivosti in stresnega življenjskega dogodka. Če osebnost razumemo kot celoto posameznikovih lastnosti in potez, ki se gibljejo na kontinuumu od povprečno do nadpovprečno izraženih, bi pri slednjih lahko govorili o osebnostnih motnjah. Pri tem motnje osebnosti razumemo kot skrajno poudarjene osebnostne poteze določenega tipa, ki vodijo v osebne težave ali oškodovanost na socialnem, zaposlitvenem ali drugem področju posameznikovega življenja. Modelov razumevanja odnosa med depresijo in motnjami osebnosti je več, pri raziskovanju pa moramo upoštevati tudi morebiten vpliv akutne depresije na rezultate samoocenjevalnih vprašalnikov osebnosti. Namen naše raziskave je bil odkriti povezanost med depresivnostjo in patološkimi osebnostnimi potezami. Pri tem smo depresivnost obravnavali z dveh vidikov: z vidika stopnje trenutne depresivnosti, kar smo merili z Beckovim vprašalnikom depresivnosti (BDI), in z vidika zgodovine depresivne motnje, pri čemer smo udeležence raziskave uvrstili v eno izmed treh raziskovalnih skupin (skupina brez zgodovine depresivne motnje, skupina z vsaj eno preteklo depresivno epizodo in skupina z diagnozo depresivne motnje). Iskali smo povezave med potezami posameznih motenj osebnosti in depresivnostjo, prav tako pa nas je zanimalo, ali so patološke osebnostne poteze povezane s hujšimi oblikami depresije v smislu večjega števila poslabšanj in hospitalizacij, bolj intenzivno izražene depresivne simptomatike in bolj zgodnjega pojava prve depresivne epizode. Raziskovalni vzorec je sestavljalo 176 oseb, razdeljenih v omenjene tri raziskovalne skupine. Udeleženci so odgovorili na vprašalnik demografskih značilnosti, izpolnili kratko obliko Beckovega vprašalnika depresivnosti (BDI) in vprašalnik motenj osebnosti (DIP-Q), ki omogoča vpogled v osebnostno patologijo z dimenzionalnega in kategorialnega vidika. Štiri raziskovalne hipoteze smo analizirali z bivariatnimi in multivariatnimi statističnimi analizami. Rezultati kažejo, da imajo osebe z depresivnimi značilnostmi visoko izražene poteze vseh motenj osebnosti, prevladujejo značilnosti izogibajoče/anksiozne, odvisnostne, paranoidne, shizoidne in borderline motnje osebnosti, najnižje pa se z depresivnostjo povezujejo značilnosti antisocialne, histrionične in narcisistične motnje. Relapsi depresivne motnje so pogostejši pri osebah z značilnostmi izogibajoče/anksiozne, odvisnostne, shizoidne in borderline motnje osebnosti, pri slednjih so pogostejše tudi hospitalizacije. V primerjavi z osebami, ki so že doživele depresivno epizodo in nimajo pomembno visoko izraženih patoloških osebnostnih potez, je depresivna simptomatika izrazitejša pri tistih z visoko izraženimi potezami katere koli motnje osebnosti, razen antisocialne, histrionične in narcisitične. Vpliva osebnostne patologije na zgodnejši začetek depresivne motnje v naši raziskavi nismo ugotovili. Poudarjamo, da je s fenomenološkega vidika stopnja depresivnosti visoko povezana s stopnjo izraženosti značilnosti vseh motenj osebnosti, razen antisocialne, histrionične in narcisistične, zato odsvetujemo oceno osebnostne strukture tekom akutne depresivne epizode, če pri tem uporabljamo samo samoocenjevalne tehnike. Na podlagi rezultatov naše raziskave in primerjav z drugimi študijami zaključujemo, da psihološka ocena osebnostne strukture oseb z depresivnimi značilnostmi omogoča jasnejši vpogled v jedro psihopatologije in individualiziran načrt zdravljenja, ki naj ob farmakoloških metodah vključuje tudi psihoterapevtske intervencije.
Keywords:Depresija, osebnostne poteze, motnje osebnosti, komorbidnost, BDI, DIP-Q
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[D. Marko]
Year of publishing:2017
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-64982 New window
UDC:159.923:616.89-008.454(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:23063304 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:AZW6YU17
Publication date in DKUM:08.05.2017
Views:2597
Downloads:274
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FF
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Pathological personality traits of adult individuals with depressive features
Abstract:Depression is a mental disorder that can be caused by a combination of an individual’s personal vulnerability and a stressful life event. If we perceive personality as a totality of individual’s characteristics and traits which are expressed on the continuum from average to above-average, the latter could be interpreted as personality disorders. From this perspective personality disorders are considered as extremely accentuated personality traits of a certain type which lead to subjective distress or impairment in individual’s social, occupational or other important area of functioning. There are several models of understanding the relationship between depression and personality disorders, but we must also consider the possible influence of acute depression on the self-report personality questionnaires while conducting the research. The purpose of our study was to discover a connection between depression and pathological personality traits. We approached depression from two aspects: severity of current depression, which was measured with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and history of depressive disorder, where we ranked the participants into three research groups (group without any depressive disorder history, group with at least one past depressive episode, group with diagnosed depressive disorder). We searched for connections between the traits of individual personality disorders and depression, but we were also interested in determining if pathological personality traits are connected to more severe forms of depression which would reflect in a greater number of relapses and hospitalizations, more intensively expressed depression symptomatology, and an earlier onset of the first depressive episode. The study included 176 people, divided into the three above mentioned groups. The participants answered a demographic characteristics questionnaire, a short version of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and the DIP-Q personality disorder questionnaire which enables an insight into personality pathology from the dimensional and categorial aspect. The four research hypothesis were analyzed with bivariate and multivariate analyses. The results show that traits of all personality disorders are highly expressed in participants with depressive characteristics. Characteristics of anxiety/avoidant, dependent, paranoid, schizoid, and borderline personality disorder are prevalent, while characteristics of antisocial, histrionic, and narcissistic disorder are the least common. Depression relapses are more common in persons with characteristics of anxiety/avoidant, dependent, schizoid, and borderline personality disorder, the latter being more likely to be hospitalized as well. In comparison to the subjects who have already experienced a depressive episode and have no highly expressed pathological personality traits, the degree of depression is higher in those with highly expressed traits of all personality disorders, except for the antisocial, histrionic, and narcissistic disorder. We did not discover an influence of personality pathology on an earlier onset of the first depressive episode in our study. We would like to stress that from the phenomenological aspect the severity of depression is strongly connected to the degree of expressed characteristics of all personality disorders, except for the antisocial, histrionic, and narcissistic disorder, if we use exclusively self-report techniques. Based on our findings and comparisons with other studies, we conclude that a psychological evaluation of the personality structure, conducted on a person with depressive characteristics, enables a better insight into the core of psychopathology, as well as an individualized treatment plan which should include psychotherapeutic interventions in addition to pharmacological methods.
Keywords:Depression, personality traits, personality disorders, comorbidity, BDI, DIP-Q.


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