Preučevanje alternativnih škropilnih programov za zatiranje navadne hruševe bolšice (Cacopsylla pyri L.)

Voglar, Žan

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Title:	Preučevanje alternativnih škropilnih programov za zatiranje navadne hruševe bolšice (Cacopsylla pyri L.)
Authors:	ID Voglar, Žan (Author) ID Lešnik, Mario (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UN_Voglar_Zan_2017.pdf (794,48 KB) MD5: B9445074CCC6FB8AF52DDD8F7C94E8E1 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/2d9e716c-07c1-4cf8-86c5-8eac727a4c5e
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Organization:	FKBV - Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Abstract:	Za primerjanje učinkovitosti alternativnih insekticidov za zatiranje hruševe bolšice Cacopsylla pyri L. s šestimi škropilnimi programi, je bil izveden poljski poskus v nasadu hrušk sorte 'Viljamovka'. Poleg bolšice smo proučevali še škodljivce Dysaphis pyri, Cydia spp., ter določene vrste stenic in zavijačev lupine sadja. Ob poskusnem standardu (acetamprid, integriran škropilni program - INT) smo testirali še učinkovitost aktivnih snovi: kaolin, žvepleno-apnena brozga (ŽAB), kombinacija matrina (izvleček iz rastlin Sophora sp.) z dodatkom olj in mineralov (Matrifruit, Matrinal B), kalijev nitrat (KNO3), eterično olje iz lupin agrumov (Oranol), detergenta Super 10 in LDC (di- etanolamid kokosovega olja) ter olja z dodatki različnih mineralov. Iz teh snovi smo sestavili alternativne škropilne programe. Kljub nekoliko nižji stopnji zatiranja škodljivih organizmov pri alternativnih škropilnih programih sestavljenih iz zgoraj navedenih sredstev, pri varstvu z alternativnimi sredstvi ni prišlo do zmanjšanja pridelka. INT program je zagotovil višjo stopnjo zatiranja zavijačev Cydia spp., stenic in zavijačev lupine sadja, stopnja zatiranja hruševe bolšice in mokaste uši Dysaphis pyri pa je bila primerljiva z alternativnimi programi. Na podlagi stopnje učinkovitosti alternativnih insekticidov in njihovega vpliva na naravne sovražnike bolšice smo pripravili strategije uporabe alternativnih insekticidov, s ciljem zmanjšanja ostankov insekticidov v plodovih ob obiranju.
Keywords:	Navadna hruševa bolšica, škropilni programi, hruška, škodljivci, alternativni insekticidi, učinkovitost
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Year of publishing:	2017
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-67933
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:ZYVHN0VB
Publication date in DKUM:	22.09.2017
Views:	1744
Downloads:	177
Metadata:
Categories:	FKBV
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Licences

License:	CC BY 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description:	This is the standard Creative Commons license that gives others maximum freedom to do what they want with the work as long as they credit the author.
Licensing start date:	04.09.2017

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Testing of Alternative Spray Programs for Controlling the Pear Sucker (Cacopsylla pyri L.)
Abstract:	Field trials were carried out to compare effectiveness of alternative insecticides for control of pear psyllid Cacopsylla pyri L. Six spray programs were tested in field trial carried out in 'Viljamovka' pear plantation. Some other pests, (Dysaphis pyri, Cydia spp, species of stink bugs and fruit peel tortrix) were studied to. Additionally to the trial standard (acetamprid, integrated spray program INT) the following active substances of alternative preparations were tested: kaolin clay, lime sulphur (Ca-polysulfide), mixture of matrine (plant extract from Sophora spp.) with minerals and essential oils (Matrifruit, Matrinal B), potassium nitrate (KNO3), essential oils derived from citrus peel (Oranol), detergents Super 10 and LDC (based on di- ethanolamide derived from coconut oil). Alternative spray programs were composed from them. Despite showing lower efficacy, the alternative spray programs did not cause crop loss. Most of the spray programs with alternative insecticides caused an increased yield. The INT program showed better efficiency in control of Cydia spp., peel tortrix and stink bugs. The efficiency of alternative insecticides against the pear sucker and bedstraw aphid was comparable to the classic INT program. Basing on the efficieny of control and the effect on natural predators, different strategies of alternative insecticide use for the pear psyllid were developed, with the main goal of reducing insecticide residues in fruit at harvest
Keywords:	pear psyllid, spray programs, pear, pests, alternative insectcides, efectiveness

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