| | SLO | ENG | Cookies and privacy

Bigger font | Smaller font

Show document Help

Title:Uveljavitev hipoteke
Authors:ID Lešnik, Tea (Author)
ID Vrenčur, Renato (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Lesnik_Tea_2017.pdf (717,06 KB)
MD5: 82D3137622646A1D8DE510FBDB73B772
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/71cba426-77fc-434d-a15a-a9fa620de67e
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Hipoteko definira SPZ kot zastavno pravico na nepremičninah, predmet hipoteke pa je natančno določena nepremičnina. Pravila hipotekarnega prava so urejena v SPZ, ki ureja hipoteko v materialnopravnem smislu, pri realizaciji hipoteke zunaj stečaja so pomembna pravila ZIZ, v stečaju pravila ZFPPIPP, glede vpisa hipoteke v zemljiško knjigo pa se uporabljajo pravila ZZK-1. Za pravilno razumevanje hipoteke in njenih učinkov je hipotekarno pravo razvilo vrsto načel, kot so: načelo specialnosti, načelo javnosti, vpisno načelo, načelo akcesornosti, načelo vrstnega reda, načelo nedeljivosti hipotekarnega jamstva, načelo oficialnosti, načelo nadaljnjega obstoja hipotekarnega jamstva. Hipoteka lahko nastane na različnih podlagah, te so v skladu s 130. členom SPZ pravni posel, sodna odločbe in zakon. Pridobitev hipoteke na podlagi pravnega posla (t.i. pogodbena hipoteka) ureja SPZ in je najpogostejši način nastanka hipoteke, za katerega se zahteva veljaven zavezovalni posel (zastavna pogodba), veljaven razpolagalni posel (zemljiškoknjižno dovolilo), vpis v zemljiško knjigo (pridobitni način) in razpolagalna sposobnost (pravica razpolaganja) zastavitelja. Hipoteka na podlagi sodne odločbe (t.i. prisilna hipoteka) je urejena v ZIZ in lahko nastane v postopku izvršbe ali pa v postopku zavarovanja. Prisilna hipoteka nastane z vpisom v zemljiško knjigo. Hipoteka na podlagi zakona (t.i. zakonita hipoteka) pa nastane s trenutkom, ko so izpolnjeni z zakonom predpisani pogoji, brez vpisa v zemljiško knjigo. Ta je v našem pravu redka, izmed civilnopravnih predpisov jo določata SPZ in ZD. Osrednje upravičenje hipotekarnega upnika je poplačilno upravičenje, ki se lahko uveljavi proti vsakokratnemu lastniku nepremičnine. Odgovornost le-tega pa je omejena do višine kupnine, dosežene pri uveljavitvi hipoteke. Hipotekarni upnik ima pravico do poplačila iz hipoteke, če zavarovana terjatev ob dospelosti ni plačana. Uveljavitev poplačilnega upravičenja se opravi tako, da hipotekarni upnik proda hipotekarno zavarovano nepremičnino ter iz kupnine, dosežene s prodajo, poplača hipotekarno zavarovane terjatve. Postopek uveljavljanja hipoteke se razlikuje, če gre za pogodbeno hipoteko, kjer mora hipotekarni upnik najprej pridobiti izvršilni naslov- s hipotekarno tožbo zahtevati, da se zastavljena nepremičnina proda, ali če gre za notarsko hipoteko, kjer ima hipotekarni upnik že izvršilni naslov ter lahko vloži izvršilni predlog neposredno na sodišče. Pri tem ločimo tudi dva načina uveljavitve hipoteke, sodno (hipotekarni upnik mora predlagati izvršbo na nepremičnino za izterjavo hipotekarno zavarovane terjatve) in zunajsodno (v postopku notarske prodaje). Uveljavitev hipoteke povzroči določene pravne posledice. Na podlagi prisilne prodaje pridobi kupec lastninsko pravico, s tem pa preneha lastninska pravica zastavitelja. Hipoteka s prisilno prodajo preneha, uveljavitev hipoteke pa učinkuje tudi na pozneje pridobljene izvedene pravice (izjema velja za stvarne služnosti). Hipoteka preneha z izbrisom iz zemljiške knjige, pri čemer razlikujemo med prenehanjem v formalnem smislu in v materialnem smislu. Hipoteka preneha v formalnem smislu z izbrisom iz zemljiške knjige, v materialnem smislu pa hipoteka preneha že z izpolnitvijo pogojev za izbris iz zemljiške knjige.
Keywords:hipoteka, nastanek hipoteke, uveljavitev hipoteke, poplačilo hipoteke, hipotekarni upnik, hipotekarni dolžnik, zastavitelj, prenehanje hipoteke
Place of publishing:[Maribor
Publisher:T. Lešnik]
Year of publishing:2017
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-68091 New window
UDC:347.27(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:5490475 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:TCU3G6QS
Publication date in DKUM:22.11.2017
Views:3094
Downloads:355
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
:
Copy citation
  
Average score:(0 votes)
Your score:Voting is allowed only for logged in users.
Share:Bookmark and Share



Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click on the title to get all document metadata.

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:08.09.2017

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Enforcement of mortgage
Abstract:The SPZ defines mortgage as a lien on a real estate and the object of the mortgage is a specifically defined mortgage. The rules of mortgage law are regulated in SPZ, which regulate mortgage in substantive sense. In the mortgage realization outside of bankruptcy the ZIZ rules are important and inside the bankruptcy the ZFPPIPP rules. About the mortgage entry in the land register however the rules ZZK-1 are considered. For a correct understanding of mortgage and its effects, the mortgage law has developed a number of principles such as: principle of determination, principle of being public, registration principle, accessory principle, principle of order, principle of the indivisibility of a mortgage guarantee, principle of officiality and the principle of the continued existence of a mortgage guarantee. The mortgage can occur on a various legal basis that are in conformity with 130. article of SPZ legal transaction, judicial decisions and the statute. The acquisition of mortgage on a basis of legal transaction (contractual mortgage) regulates the SPZ and it is the most common way of mortgage emergence which demands a valid binding legal transaction (contract of pledge), a valid land permission, entry in the land register the right of disposal of the mortgagor. The compulsory mortgage is regulated in ZIZ and can occur in the execution procedure or in the insurance procedure. Compulsory mortgage also occurs with the entry in the land register. The legal mortgage however does not occur until all legal conditions are fulfilled without entering in the land register. Land register in our law is very rare and is determined by civil law regulations such as SPZ and ZD. The central right of the mortgage creditor is a repaid justification which is asserted against every owner of a real state. The liability is limited by the level of the purchase price of the mortgage enforcement. The mortgage creditor has the right of mortgage repayment if the secured claim is not payed when due. The enforcement of a right is done by selling the mortgage ensured real estate and with a purchase price reached with a sale and then repaying the mortgage ensured depts. The procedure of mortgage enforcement differs from one another with a contractual mortgage where the mortgage creditor first has to gain an executory title – demand with the mortgage lawsuit for the mortgagor real estate to be sold. In case of notary mortgage where the mortgage creditor already has the mortgage real estate address he can file in the executive proposal directly in court. There are two kinds of mortgage enforcements, execution and notarial. The mortgage enforcement can cause certain legal consequences. With a compulsory sale, the buyer gets an ownership and by that the mortgagor’s ownership ends. The mortgage with a compulsory ends, and the mortgage enforcement affects the later on gained derivate rights. The mortgage ends with the removal from the land register. It end for formal reasons and for substantial reasons. Formal reasons are removal from land register and substantial reasons are that the mortgage ends with fulfilment of removal reasons form the land register.
Keywords:mortgage, the creation of a mortgage, the enforcement of mortgage, payment of a mortgage, mortgage creditor, mortgage debtor, mortgagor, termination of the mortgage


Comments

Leave comment

You must log in to leave a comment.

Comments (0)
0 - 0 / 0
 
There are no comments!

Back
Logos of partners University of Maribor University of Ljubljana University of Primorska University of Nova Gorica