| | SLO | ENG | Cookies and privacy

Bigger font | Smaller font

Show document Help

Title:Pravica do samoodločbe na primeru Tibeta
Authors:ID Teraž, Lea (Author)
ID Tratnik, Matjaž (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Teraz_Lea_2017.pdf (672,93 KB)
MD5: CF11D4324C21A85A2E2668AFE47E9CC9
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/9758c7d3-9908-474d-b465-73b6c84267ba
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Pravica do samoodločbe se je sprva razvijala v zatišju ostalih načel, postopoma je bila z mednarodnimi dokumenti povzdignjena v samostojno načelo, v procesu dekolonizacije pa je bil razvoj najvidnejši. K novejši razlagi vsebine pravice so pripomogli vidiki človekovih pravic, predvsem razvoj pravic manjšin in pravic avtohtonega prebivalstva. Danes je pravica do samoodločbe priznana kot univerzalna kolektivna pravica in spada med običajno mednarodno pravo. Pravica je omejena z načelom državne suverenosti, načelom neintervencije in načelom prepovedi uporabe sile. Upravičenci pravice so opredeljeni kot skupine individualnih ljudi, ki imajo za skupno: zgodovino, tradicijo, rasno ali etnično identiteto, kulturo, jezik, religijo ali ideologijo, teritorialno povezavo in skupno ekonomsko življenje. Z razvojem demokracije se pojmovanje pojma »peoples« spreminja. Pravica do samoodločbe se v teoriji deli na zunanjo in notranjo samoodločbo. Teoretična razlika med zunanjo in notranjo samoodločbo se nanaša na izčrpanost pravice s postavitvijo in realizacijo zahtevka. Tibetansko vprašanje se nanaša na teritorialnost in samoodločbo. Tibetanci so ljudstvo z lastnim jezikom, skupno identiteto, kulturo, vero in gospodarstvom. Poveljuje jim vodja Dalai Lama, ki združuje posvetno in religiozno oblast. Od razglasitve državne neodvisnosti leta 1913 do kitajske okupacije leta 1950 je de facto užival neodvisnost. Leta 1951 je bil z Ljudsko republiko Kitajsko podpisan Dogovor sedemnajstih točk, ki ureja upravljanje Tibeta. Pod komunističnim kitajskim režimom je leta 1965 bila ustanovljena Avtonomna regija Tibet, ki pa de facto ni uresničevala notranje samoodločbe Tibetancev. Leta 1987 je Dalai Lama sprejel Pet točkovni mirovni plan, s katerim se je odpovedal nekaterim zahtevam v zameno za izvrševanje določene stopnje notranje samoodločbe. Ljudska republika Kitajska je vedno nasprotovala vsem zahtevam, saj so jim formalno zagotavljali vse zahtevane pravice glede izvrševanja avtonomije. Pri razreševanju težav so posredovali Združeni narodi, ki so sprejeli tri resolucije glede tibetanskega vprašanja, s katerimi so priznali in pozvali k prenehanju kršitev osnovnih človekovih pravic in svoboščin Tibetancev. 2008 je tibetanska vlada v izgnanstvu izdala memorandum z zahtevami o pristni avtonomiji, ki ga LR Kitajska ne upošteva. Možne teoretične rešitve zahtevkov za notranjo samoodločbo bi lahko bile dosledno upoštevanje predpisov, sprememba volilnega prava LR Kitajske, vzpostavitev koncepta »associated statehood« kot moderno obliko protekcionistične države in obravnavanje primera pred mednarodnim sodiščem.
Keywords:samoodločba, ljudstvo, narod, Združeni narodi, Tibet, avtonomija
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[L. Teraž]
Year of publishing:2017
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-69232 New window
UDC:341.231(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:5519659 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:36ERYPGT
Publication date in DKUM:21.12.2017
Views:1687
Downloads:123
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
:
Copy citation
  
Average score:(0 votes)
Your score:Voting is allowed only for logged in users.
Share:Bookmark and Share



Hover the mouse pointer over a document title to show the abstract or click on the title to get all document metadata.

Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:12.12.2017

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:The right to self-determination and the Tibet question
Abstract:The right to self-determination had gradually become an independent principle. It had evolved the most through the process of decolonization. The new concept of self-determination is interpreted through the prism of human rights, especially through development of the rights of minorities and indigenous people. The right to self-determination is a universal collective right and is one of the customary international law rights. It is limited by the principle of state sovereignty, principle of non-Intervention and prohibition of the use of force. The subject of the right to self-determination is defined as »peoples«, which means any group of individuals that have in common some of all of the following characteristics: common history, tradition, racial and ethnical identity, culture, linguistic unity, religion or ideology, territorial connection and common economic life. The definition of »peoples« has been changing through the process of democratization. Theoretically, the right to self-determination can be divided into internal and external self-determination. The difference is in the exhaustion of the claim and the realization of the right. The Tibet Question refers to the territorial and self-determination issues. The Tibetans are peoples with their own language, common identity, cultural homogeneity, religion and common economic life. The leader Dalai Lama is their religious and secular authority. Tibet had been de facto independent since the declaration of independent state in 1913 until the occupation by the Chinese army in 1950. The government of Tibet was defined in the Seventeen-Point-Agreement, signed between Tibet and People's Republic in China in 1951. The Autonomous region of Tibet was established under the Chinese communist regime in 1965. Nevertheless, the internal self-determination of Tibetans was not exercised. In 1987 Dalai Lama proposed Five-Point-Peace Plan in which he resigned from some of Tibetan claims in order to achieve at least some autonomous rights. People's Republic of China had always been opposing to all Tibetan claims, arguing they have formally granted all the necessary autonomous rights. United Nations has issued 3 resolutions regarding the Tibet Question, in which they affirmed the violations of human rights and called to cease all the violating practices. The Tibetan exile government issued Memorandum On Genuine Autonomy in 2008 which is not recognized by People's Republic of China. Possible theoretical solutions to the Tibet Question could be proper execution of all already granted autonomous rights, change of Chinese voting system, establishment of modern associated statehood and rising a claim in front of international courts.
Keywords:self-determination, peoples, United Nations, Tibet Question, autonomy


Comments

Leave comment

You must log in to leave a comment.

Comments (0)
0 - 0 / 0
 
There are no comments!

Back
Logos of partners University of Maribor University of Ljubljana University of Primorska University of Nova Gorica