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Title:Primerjava ekofizioloških odzivov enoletnih in dvoletnih rastlin česnovke
Authors:ID Šerc, Katarina (Author)
ID Šajna, Nina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Serc_Katarina_2018.pdf (1,50 MB)
MD5: 35AA2BE5089AAECDBB58040808226A9F
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/14dd999a-6acd-48ec-82d7-087614101dee
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:Vrsta Alliaria petiolata velja za najprepoznavnejšo invazivko gozdov vzhodne Amerike in južne Kanade, kamor se je razširila iz Evrazije. Alliaria petiolata je dvoletnica, za katere je značilno obdobje t.i. enoletne regeneracije. Takrat rastlina izoblikuje bazalno rozeto, ki mora preživeti do prihodnje vegetacijske sezone, v kateri rastlina oblikuje visoke cvetoče poganjke, ki plodijo, rastlina pa s koncem sezone propade. Zaradi razlik v pojavnosti in življenjskem ciklu obeh tipov rastlin, sem pričakovala funkcionalne razlike v med listi. V nalogi sem na terenu proučevala ekofiziološke razlike med listi prvoletne rozete in listi drugoletne cvetoče rastline ter razlike v potencialni alelopatski uspešnosti obeh tipov. Primerjala sem količino klorofila v listu, ocenjeno kod vrednost SPAD, fluorescenco klorofila in prevodnost listnih rež. Pri tem sem spremljala tudi abiotske dejavnike. Ker je za vrsto A. petiolata značilno alelopatsko delovanje, sem s pomočjo biološkega kalitvenega testa (Lepidium test) v laboratoriju potrdila, da je A. petiolata alelopatsko učinkovita. Preverila sem vodne ekstrakte ter hlapljive substance, pri čemer so me zanimale razlike v delovanju alelopatskih učinkovin na kalitev semen in rast kalic testne rastline. Raziskava je bila omejena na spomladanski čas v mesecu maju leta 2017, ko rastline cvetijo, a še ne tvorijo plodov. Terensko delo je zajemalo tri lokacije v Mariboru: Koblarjev zaliv, Mariborski otok in obgozdni rob za trgovinskim centrom v okolici fakultete. Z izvedenimi meritvami sem potrdila, da so rozete v primerjavi s cvetočimi rastlinami fotosintetsko aktivnejše. Tako je v prvem letu življenjskega cikla vrste A. petiolata povečana količina klorofila in prevodnost listnih rež. Prav tako imajo listi prvoletne rozete višjo alelopatsko učinkovitost v primerjavi z učinkovanjem listov cvetoče rastline, kar se je izkazalo tako za hlapljive snovi kot za vodni ekstrakt listov. Razloge za večjo učinkovitost rastlin v prvem letu lahko najdemo v ekološki strategiji vrste, ki mora preživeti prvo leto in nakopičiti dovolj energije, da v drugem letu hitro zraste, zacveti in razvije semena ter tako nadaljuje generacije in ohranja vrsto.
Keywords:Alliaria petiolata, alelopatija, dvoletnice, Lepidium test, ekofiziologija, funkcionalna ekologija
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[K. Šerc]
Year of publishing:2018
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-69860 New window
UDC:581.524.13:582.683.2(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:24266248 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:BAHAOMFX
Publication date in DKUM:08.01.2019
Views:1167
Downloads:185
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FNM
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:06.03.2018

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Comparison of ecophysiological responses between annual and biennial plants of garlic mustard
Abstract:The species Alliaria petiolata, native in Eurasia, is considered the most recognizable invasive plant in the forests of eastern America and southern Canada. The species is a biennial plant. In the first year the plant forms a basal rosette, which must survive until the next vegetation season, when the plant forms high, flowering shoots. Because of differences in the functional ecology of both plant types I expected differences in leaves of the first-year rosette and of the second-year flowering plant. I studied the eco-physiological characteristics in the field by measuring the amount of chlorophyll in the leaf (SPAD value), chlorophyll fluorescence and stomata conductivity. I was also monitoring abiotic factors. Since allelopathic activity is reported for A. petiolata, I have screened aqueous extracts and volatile substances with the use of laboratory bioassays (Lepidium test), whereby I distinguished between the leaves of the rosette and the flowering plant. The research in the field was performed in the spring time in May, 2017, when the plants not yet produce fruits, in three locations in Maribor: Koblarjev zaliv, Mariborski otok and the edge of the shopping center in the vicinity of the faculty. It has been confirmed that leaves from the first-year rosettes are more photosynthetically active, compared to the flowering plants. Additionally, in the leaves of the first year plants the amount of chlorophyll and the stomata conductivity was higher and they demonstrated a stronger allelopathic potential of aqueous extract and volatile substances, compared to the leaves of the flowering plant. The reasons for the higher photochemical efficiency and stronger allelopathy can be explained by the ecological strategy of the species: plants have to survive the overwintering and at the same time they have to accumulate enough energy in the first year to have the ability to grow rapidly and produce seeds in the next year in order preserve the population locally.
Keywords:Alliaria petiolata, Allelopathy, biennial, Lepidium test, ecophysiology, functional ecology


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