Varstvo uporabnikov javnih dobrin

Zore, Sabina

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Title:	Varstvo uporabnikov javnih dobrin
Authors:	ID Zore, Sabina (Author) ID Brezovnik, Boštjan (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Zore_Sabina_2018.pdf (1,04 MB) MD5: B40F24262A8CCD0D3B5854557EB12706 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/e8d4f918-0584-4262-89e8-dddb96bd1b36
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Na ravni EU ne obstaja enotni pravni predpis, ki bi urejal splošni pravni okvir izvajanja dejavnosti javnih služb. Namesto krovne direktive je Evropska komisija predhodno pripravila Green paper on services of general interest, v katerem razpravlja o prednostih in problemih splošnega pravnega okvirja. Razmejitev med regulatorno pristojnostjo EU in držav članic je odvisna od narave dejavnosti, torej ali gre za gospodarsko ali negospodarsko dejavnost. EU ima pristojnost za normativno urejanje storitev z gospodarsko naravo. Glede na regulatorno pristojnost EU lahko storitve javnih služb v tri skupine: storitve gospodarskih javnih služb, ki jih izvajajo, na infrastrukturo vezane industrije, za katere je bilo sprejetih veliko predpisov s strani EU, druge storitve gospodarskih javnih služb, kot so ravnanje s komunalnimi odpadki, oskrba s pitno vodo, RTV- oddajanje so predmet notranje nacionalne ureditve. Za storitve negospodarskih javnih služb in storitve javnih služb, ki nimajo vpliva na trgovanje med državami članicami se ne uporabljajo posebna pravila EU, pravila o enotnem trgu in konkurenčna pravila. V sektorskih predpisih je določeno varstvo uporabnikov javni dobrin, kot pomembna obveznost javne službe v EU. V slovenski ureditvi predstavlja temelj varstva uporabnikov javnih dobrin Zakon o varstvu potrošnikov /ZVPot/, ki zraven splošnih določil, ki veljajo za vse dejavnosti vsebuje tudi posebna določila, ki nudijo potrošnikom posebno varstvo npr. opominjanje potrošnikov, ki so v zamudi s plačili. Varstvo potrošnikov se v Republiki Sloveniji zagotavlja v okviru Sektorja za varstvo potrošnikov in konkurence, potrošniških organizacij ter Tržnega inšpektorata, ki izvaja inšpekcijski nadzor nad izvajanjem Zakona o varstvu potrošnikov. Potrošniške organizacije izvajajo dejavnosti, kot so ozaveščanje, informiranje, izobraževanje, svetovanje potrošnikom. Država lahko zagotovi spoštovanje pravic uporabnikov javnih dobrin z različnimi instrumenti. V slovenski ureditvi sta uveljavljena institucionalno varstvo uporabnikov javnih dobrin in kontrahirna dolžnost izvajalca dejavnosti javne službe, ki prav tako spadata med posebne oblike varstva. 14. člen Zakona o gospodarskih javnih službah /ZGJS/ določa, da morajo država in lokalne skupnosti ustanoviti posebna telesa za varstvo uporabnikov javnih dobrin, sestavljena iz njihovih predstavnikov. V skladu z Zakonom o zavodih /ZZ/ sestavljajo svet zavoda ob predstavnikih uporabnika tudi predstavniki ustanovitelja in predstavniki delavcev, kar predstavlja tripartitno oz. po Zakonu o lekarniški dejavnosti štiripartitno sestavo sveta zavoda. Kontrahirna dolžnost pomeni, da so v primerih obveznih javnih služb, uporabniki javnih dobrin in izvajalci dejavnosti javne službe dolžni skleniti pogodbeno razmerje o zagotavljanju javne dobrine. Za področje varstva uporabnikov javnih dobrin je pomembna tudi odškodninska odgovornost za škodo, ki nastane pri izvajanju javne službe, bodisi zaradi protipravnega ravnanja zaposlenih ali zaradi uporabe proizvoda, ki je predmet javne službe.
Keywords:	varstvo potrošnikov, potrošniško pravo, javne službe, javne službe v EU, regulativna pristojnost, kontrahirna dolžnost, obvezna sklenitev pogodbe, institucionalno varstvo, tripartitna/ štiripartitna sestava sveta zavoda, odškodninska odgovornost izvajalca javne službe
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[S. Zore]
Year of publishing:	2018
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-70112
UDC:	366:352(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5581611
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:SWFFL6RR
Publication date in DKUM:	25.05.2018
Views:	2085
Downloads:	304
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	06.04.2018

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	User and consumer protection
Abstract:	At the EU level there is no uniform provision governing the general legal framework for implementation of public services. Instead of a comprehensive Directive the European Commission prepared a Green paper on services of general interest where it discusses about the advantages and problems of the general legal framework. The distinction between the regulatory jurisdiction of the EU and its member states depends on the nature of activities, i.e. whether we are dealing with economic or non-economic activities. The EU has the competence for normative regulation of services of economic nature. According to the regulatory jurisdiction of the EU it is possible to divide public services into three groups: economic public services, performed by the infrastructure-bound industries, for which numerous regulations were adopted by the EU, and other economic public services, such as municipal waste management, drinking water supply, RTV- broadcasting, are subject to internal national order. Non-economic public services and public services that do not affect trade between Member States are not subject to any special rules by the EU, Single Market rules or competition rules. Sectoral rules provide for the safety of users of public goods as an important obligation of public service in the EU. In Slovenian legislation the Consumer Protection Act /ZVPot/ which, in addition to the general provisions applicable to all activities, also includes special provisions that provide consumers with special protection (e.g. reminder services for consumers who are late with payments), represents the fundamental protection for users of public goods. In the Republic of Slovenia, the protection of consumers is ensured within the framework of the Division for Consumer and Competition Protection, consumer organizations and the Market Inspectorate which performs inspection control of the implementation of the Consumer Protection Act. An individual country may ensure the respect of the rights of users of public goods with various instruments. The Slovenian legislation includes institutional protection of users of public goods and the public service provider’s obligation to contract which also belongs amongst the special forms of protection. Article 14 of the Services of General Economic Interest Act /ZGJS/ provides that the country and local communities have to establish special bodies for the protection of the users of public goods which comprise their representatives. In accordance with the Institutes Act /ZZ/, the Institute Council should, in addition to the representatives of the user, also include the representatives of the founder and workers representatives representing a tripartite or, in accordance with the Pharmacy Practice Act, four-partite composition of the Institute Council. The obligation to contract means that, in cases when the use of public goods is mandatory, users of public goods and the public service providers are obliged to enter into a contractual relationship regarding the provision of public goods. Liability of the public service provider and its employees for damages caused to the user of public goods with its unlawful conduct or for damages arising from the use of the product subject to public services is also important for the field of the protection of users of public goods.
Keywords:	consumer protection, consumer law, public services, public services in the EU, regulatory jurisdiction, obligation to contract, mandatory conclusion of a contract, institutional protection, tripartite/four-partite composition of Institute Council, public service provider's liability for damage

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