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Title:Analiza vzrokov za masovni pomor čebel v Sloveniji : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa Varstvoslovje
Authors:ID Pucko, Monika (Author)
ID Eman, Katja (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf UN_Pucko_Monika_2018.pdf (1,40 MB)
MD5: 30DFFE17F4B99FCB85AFDCFF1EA3C56E
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/ba70bdf3-dad9-452d-8a69-2cea1ab1c4a1
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FVV - Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security
Abstract:Od opraševanja je odvisna ena tretjina svetovne pridelave hrane. Posledično so opraševalci rastlin izredno pomembni za oskrbo ljudi s hrano ter biotsko raznovrstnost in imajo pomembno funkcijo za kmetijsko predelavo. Poznamo mnogo vrst opraševalcev, med njimi najpomembnejša je čebela. Zadnja desetletja se na svetovni ravni soočamo s problemom upadanja števila opraševalcev. Vzroki za upad se začnejo pri intenzivnem kmetijstvu, kjer se pri pridelavi monokultur v veliki meri uporabljajo pesticidi. Poleg tega se zaradi degradacije okolja, kot so na primer košnja okolice, spreminjanje naravnih habitatov in razdelitev zemljišč, čebelam življenjski prostor intenzivno zmanjšuje. Krči se biotska pestrost, ki je pomemben vir paše čebelam ter drugim živalim. Izgubo čebel tudi v Sloveniji čutimo že od leta 2008, ko so se pomori začeli. Vzroki največjemu pomoru leta 2011 ter pomorom, ki so sledili v naslednjih letih, so bila fitofarmacevtska sredstva (FFS) ter nenormalno vreme. Največji masovni pomor se je zgodil na območju Pomurja leta 2011, ko je poginilo 2600 čebeljih družin. Čebelo prav tako ogrožajo različne bolezni, kot so gniloba, nosemavost, paraziti ter varoja (varroa). Soočamo se tudi s problemom črnega trga, na katerem nekateri kmetje še vedno kupujejo pesticidne pripravke. Zaradi visokih domačih cen določeni slovenski čebelarji zdravilna sredstva za zdravljenje teh bolezni , kupujejo v sosednjih državah. K ohranitvi čebele in prepovedi pesticidnih pripravkov so pripomogli različni že sprejeti ukrepi, ki kažejo relativno dobre rezultate. Veliko pripravkov so sicer umaknili z trga, vendar so bili ti po kratkem času spet dostopni. Za zmanjšanje upadanja števila čebel je treba stalno ozaveščati ljudi o tem perečem problemu, občutno zmanjšati uporabo pesticidov in upoštevati navodila pri njihovi uporabi. Čebele so v največji meri odvisne od nas samih ter čebelarjev in jih je treba v čim večji meri zaščititi ter ohraniti.
Keywords:diplomske naloge, pomor čebel, pesticidi, fitofarmacevtska sredstva (FFS), Slovenija
Place of publishing:Ljubljana
Place of performance:Ljubljana
Publisher:[M. Pucko]
Year of publishing:2018
Year of performance:2018
Number of pages:VI, 76 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-71518 New window
UDC:595.79:504.5(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:3610602 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:IH2YSBKE
Publication date in DKUM:12.10.2018
Views:2001
Downloads:242
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FVV
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Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Analysis of the Causes for Massive Bee Collapse in Slovenia
Abstract:One third of world food production is produced by pollination. Consequently, the pollinators have a crucial role in supplying people with food, they are also important for biodiversity and for intensive agriculture. The most important pollinator of them all is the honeybee. Over the last decades, the whole world has been facing the problem of declining pollinators. Main causes of bee collapse begin with the excessive use of pesticides in intensive production of monocultures. Due to environmental degradation, such as frequent mowing and changing natural habitats, bee habitat is being constantly reduced. Furthermore, the biodiversity, which is an important source for bees and other animals to graze, is being curtailed. Slovenia is experiencing bee losses since 2008, when the massive bee collapse began. Major culprits of bee collapse in 2011 and the years that followed were plant protection products (PPPS) and extreme, unpredictable weather. The largest massive bee collapse in the year 2011 in Slovenia occurred in the Pomurje region, when 2600 bee families died. In addition, bees are endangered by various diseases and parasites, such as varroa. One of the major issues is active trading on the black market, where farmers have constant access to the pesticide products. In order to treat bee diseases, some Slovenian beekeepers purchase medicinal products in neighbouring countries on account of high domestic prices. Bee collapse and usage of pesticide prevention is contributed with various measures, which have already shown some relatively positive results. Although many pesticide products had been abolished for a short period of time, they were once again available on the market. However, to achieve better and more conspicuous results, more solutions need to be found. A Crucial step is raising the awareness about the problem, reducing the usage of pesticides and following the instructions for their usage. The bees mainly depend on us and our responsibility is to protect and preserve them.
Keywords:massive bee collapse, pesticide, plant protection products (PPPS), Slovenia


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