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Title:Omejitve lastninske pravice s poudarkom na razlastitvi ter civilnopravno varstvo v zvezi z gradnjo javne infrastrukture
Authors:ID Boršič, Klara (Author)
ID Vrenčur, Renato (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Borsic_Klara_2018.pdf (2,34 MB)
MD5: 27FA5426EE51BA1F9B094B4B7AABB420
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/5971a632-3a41-4a9c-8ffe-2436b3ef03ad
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Vsebina lastninske pravice je opredeljena v 37. členu Stvarnopravnega zakonika in vsebuje pravno možnost njenega imetnika, da na določen način ravna (facultas agendi). Njeno vsebino določajo njena upravičenja, in sicer upravičenje uporabe ter uživanja stvari (ius utendi et fruendi), upravičenje do posesti stvari (ius possidendi) ter razpolagalno upravičenje (ius abutendi). Poleg tega vsebuje tudi pravovarstveni zahtevek, kar pomeni, da lahko lastnik od vsakogar zahteva, da se vzdrži kršitve njegove lastninske pravice, za kar mu pravo nudi različna pravna sredstva. Skladno s 67. členom Ustave Republike Slovenije, ki določa, da mora zakon določiti način pridobivanja in uživanja lastnine tako, da je zagotovljena njena gospodarska, socialna in ekološka funkcija, in z 69. členom URS, ki vsebuje pravilo, da se lahko lastninska pravica na nepremičnini v javno korist odvzame ali omeji proti nadomestilu v naravi ali proti odškodnini pod pogoji, ki jih določa zakon, drugi odstavek 37. člena SPZ vsebuje določbo, da lahko omejitve uporabe, uživanja in razpolaganja določi le zakon. To zagotavlja ustavnopravno varstvo lastninske pravice pred samovoljnimi posegi države, samoupravnih lokalnih skupnosti ter ostalih nosilcev javne oblasti. Pravno varstvo lastnika, prav tako pa tudi bonitarnega lastnika je zagotovljeno z lastninsko tožbo (rei vindicatio), publicijansko tožbo (actio Publiciana) ter z negatorno oziroma prepovedno tožbo (actio negatoria). Prvega junija 2018 je stopil v veljavo nov Zakon o urejanju prostora, ki ureja razlastitev na malo drugačen način, kot jo je urejal predhodnik. V ZUreP-2 se selita pravni režim grajenega javnega dobra, ki je bil prej urejen v Zakonu o graditvi objektov, ter potrdilo o namenski rabi zemljišča, ki je bilo prej urejeno v Zakonu o prostorskem načrtovanju. Novi zakon dograjuje pravni režim zakonite predkupne pravice občine na poselitvenih območjih, ki se širi na državo, kot na predkupno upravičenko in na območja drugih vrst nepremičnin. V lastninsko pravico posega več javnopravnih predpisov, pri čemer gre zlasti za varovanje javnega interesa. Pri tem je najtežji poseg v lastninsko pravico kot temeljno človekovo pravico zagotovo razlastitev. Da je ta dopustna, mora biti nedvomno izpolnjenih več pogojev, med katerimi je na prvem mestu nesporno ugotovljen javni interes. O dejanskih razlastitvah govorimo, ko je lastniku zaradi urejanja statusa javnih cest dejansko odvzeta posest in s tem onemogočena uporaba nepremičnine, še preden je bilo pravnomočno odločeno o razlastitvi. Sodna praksa je izoblikovala številna stališča, ki so na voljo prizadetemu lastniku nepremičnine. V takšnih primerih ni mogoče izključiti stvarnopravnega varstva v pravdnem postopku, če so zanj podani vsi elementi iz 99. člena Stvarnopravnega zakonika.
Keywords:lastninska pravica, pravno varstvo, nepremičnina, Zakon o urejanju prostora, ustavnopravne omejitve, javna korist, javno dobro, javna infrastruktura, dejanska razlastitev
Place of publishing:[Maribor
Publisher:K. Boršič]
Year of publishing:2018
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-72278 New window
UDC:349.412.28:351.712.5(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:5652267 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:VV6B7IQQ
Publication date in DKUM:15.10.2018
Views:2260
Downloads:430
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:18.09.2018

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Restrictions on property rights with emphasis on expropriation and civil-legal protection in relation to the construction of public infrastructure
Abstract:The content of the property right is defined in Article 37 of the Law of Property Code and contains the legal possibility of its holder to act in a certain way (facultas agendi). Its content is determined by its entitlements, namely the right to use and enjoy the things (ius utendi et fruendi), the right to possess the things (ius possidendi) and the right to have full dominion over property (ius abutendi). In addition, it also contains a legal protection claim, which means that the owner can ask anybody to refrain from violating his property right, for which various legal remedies are given him by the law. In accordance with Article 67 of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, which determines that the law must determine the way of acquiring and enjoying property in such a way as to ensure its economic, social and ecological function, and with Article 69 of the Constitution of the Republic of Slovenia, which contains the rule that the property right in the real estate can be withdrawn on public benefit or restricted against compensation in kind or against compensation under the conditions laid down by law, the second paragraph of Article 37 of the Law of Property Code contains a provision that restrictions of the use, enjoyment and disposal can only be determined by the law. This ensures the constitutional protection of property rights against arbitrary interventions by the state, self-governing local communities and other kinds of public authorities. The legal protection of the owner, as well as the bonitarian owner, is ensured through a property lawsuit (rei vindicatio), a publician action (actio publiciana) and a negative or prohibition action (actio negatoria). The new Spatial Management Act (ZUreP-2) came into force from June 1st 2018 and it governs expropriation in a slightly different way as the predecessor. The legal regime of the built public good, which was previously regulated in the Construction Act, and a certificate on land use, previously regulated by the Spatial Planning Act, are moved to the ZUreP-2. The new law upgrades the legal regime of the legal pre-emptive right of the municipality in settlement areas that spread to the state as a pre-beneficiary, and to areas of other types of real estate. The ownership right is encroached by a number of public law regulations, in particular for the protection of the public interest. In this, the most serious interference with property right as a fundamental human right is certainly the expropriation. In order to allow it, several conditions must undoubtedly be met, among which the public interest is undoubtedly found in the first place. We are talking about actual expropriations when the property is taken away from the owner for the purpose of regulating the status of public roads and therefore the usage of the property is disabled even before the final decision on expropriation has been finalized. The judicial practice has drawn up a number of points that are available to the affected real estate owner. In such cases, it is not possible to exclude property protection in litigation proceedings if all elements of Article 99 of the Law of Property Code are given for it.
Keywords:property right, legal protection, real estate, Spatial Management Act, constitutional limitations, public benefit, public good, public infrastructure, actual expropriation


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