Vpliv subarahnoidnega bloka na pojav hipotenzije in bradikardije

Lunežnik, Špela

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Title:	Vpliv subarahnoidnega bloka na pojav hipotenzije in bradikardije
Authors:	ID Lunežnik, Špela (Author) ID Mekiš, Dušan (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Kmetec, Sergej (Comentor)
Files:	MAG_Luneznik_Spela_2019.pdf (1,19 MB) MD5: 23F4C8F0036459B88D0435E31001E2D7 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/fc2bf606-674e-45ec-9300-b7b28284d1ad
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:	Uvod: Subarahnoidna anestezija je opredeljena kot enostavno anestezija z malo zapleti. Kljub prednostim, kot sta dobra analgezija in motorični blok, pa lahko subarahnoidna anestezija povzroči nekatere hemodinamske spremembe. Najpogostejša hemodinamska sprememba je hipotenzija, ki pa lahko vodi v nekatere srčne zaplete. Namen: Namen raziskave je bili ugotoviti, kakšen je vpliv subarahnoidnega bloka na pojav hipotenzije in bradikardije. Poleg tega smo želeli ugotoviti ali je pojav hipotenzije in bradikardije povezan z višino bloka ter v katerem časovnem obdobju je hipotenzija in bradikardija najbolj izrazita. Raziskovalna metodologija in metode: Uporabili smo kvantitativno metodologijo z metodo opazovanja. V raziskavo je bilo vključenih 100 primerov iz anestezijskih zapisnikov. Primere smo izbirali glede na vključitvene kriterije, ki zajemajo ortopedske posege in so bili opravljeni v subarahnoidni anesteziji. Rezultati: Skozi raziskavo smo ugotovili, da je najpogosteje prišlo do pojava hipotenzije in bradikardije 15 minut po subarahnoidnem bloku. Prav tako ugotavljamo, da obstaja pozitivna korelacija med višino nastalega bloka in pojavom hipotenzije (rs = 0,483; p = 0,025) ter bradikardije (rs = 0,432; p = 0,019). Ob pojavu hipotenzije in bradikardije moramo pravilno in pravočasno ukrepati z aplikacijo primernih vazopresorjev. Diskusija in zaključek: Po subarahnoidnem bloku lahko pride do pojava hipotenzije in/ali bradikardije, kar lahko vodi v motnje dihanja ali celo srčnega zastoja. Iz tega razloga imata zelo pomembno vlogo anesteziolog in anestezijska medicinska sestra, ki morata dobro sodelovati, pravočasno prepoznati znake ter ob zapletu hitro in pravilno ukrepati, kljub stresni situaciji v kateri se nahajata.
Keywords:	Anestezija, subarahnoidna anestezija, lokalni anestetiki, vpliv na vitalne funkcije.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[Š. Lunežnik]
Year of publishing:	2019
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-75398
UDC:	616-089.5(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	2559140
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:UEHNX77Q
Publication date in DKUM:	13.01.2020
Views:	1664
Downloads:	153
Metadata:
Categories:	FZV
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	05.11.2019

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	The influence of subarachnoid blocks on the occurence of hypothension and bradicardia
Abstract:	Introduction: Subarachnoid anaesthesia is defined as easy anaesthesia with little complication. Despite advantages such as good analgesia and motor block, subarachnoid anaesthesia can cause some hemodynamic changes. The most common hemodynamic change is hypotension, which in turn can lead to some heart complications. Aim: The aim was to determine the effect of the subarachnoid block on the appearance of hypotension and bradycardia. Besides, we want to determine whether the appearance of hypotension and bradycardia is related to the height of the block and at what period the hypotension and bradycardia are the most occurrences. Research methodology and methods: We used a quantitative methodology with observation method. The study included 100 cases from anaesthesia records. The cases were selected based on the inclusion criteria covering orthopaedic procedures performed under subarachnoid anaesthesia. Results: In our study, we found that hypotension and bradycardia occurred most frequently at 15 minutes after subarachnoid anaesthesia. We also find that there is a positive correlation between the height of the block produced and the onset of hypotension (rs = 0.483; p = 0.025) and bradycardia (rs = 0.432; p = 0.019). In the event of hypotension and bradycardia, proper and timely administration of appropriate vasopressors should be carried out. Discussion and conclusion: After insertion, subarachnoid anaesthesia can occur hypotension and/or bradycardia, and that can lead to respiratory disorders or even cardiac arrest. For that reason, anaesthesiologist’s and anaesthesia nurses play a critical role, and they need to cooperate well, timely and adequately, despite the stressful situation they are in.
Keywords:	Anaesthesia, subarachnoid anaesthesia, local anaesthetics, impact on vital functions.

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