Razlike med spoloma na Švedskem: ekonometrična analiza zaposlitvene funkcije

Belić, Anja

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Title:	Razlike med spoloma na Švedskem: ekonometrična analiza zaposlitvene funkcije
Authors:	ID Belić, Anja (Author) ID Boršič, Darja (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	UN_Belic_Anja_2020.pdf (2,24 MB) MD5: 9B759E7FED0CB5EEEBA62F66FC676FC9 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/8a346f34-1f89-4e29-adac-c61be845f82d
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Diploma project paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	EPF - Faculty of Business and Economics
Abstract:	Pridobljena zaposlitev igra pomembno vlogo za posameznika, saj mu omogoča mesečni dohodek, na nacionalni ravni pa večje število zaposlenih prebivalcev predstavlja tudi vse boljše ogledalo gospodarstva države. Na trgu dela obstaja diskriminacija med spoloma, kjer imajo moški večje možnosti napredovanja in višje dohodke od žensk, medtem ko se te na trgu dela težje udejstvujejo, kar še dokazuje vpliv zgodovine, ko so bile ženske močno v podrejenem položaju. V delu diplomskega projekta se osredotočamo na ekonometrično analizo treh zaposlitvenih funkcij, kjer nas zanima, katere spremenljivke vplivajo na spremembe števila vseh zaposlenih, zaposlenih žensk in zaposlenih moških na Švedskem. V teoretičnem delu raziskave predstavimo trg dela na Švedskem in se poglobimo v neenakosti med spoloma, ki jih raziskujemo s primerjavo števila zaposlenih in brezposelnih, višino mesečnega dohodka in indeksi človeškega razvoja in neenakosti med spoloma. V empiričnem delu raziskave zastavimo linearni in dvojno logaritemski model zaposlitvene funkcije za vsak vsebinski sklop. Pri tem s primerjavo determinacijskih koeficientov, RESET testa in Box-Cox testa določimo za vsak vsebinski sklop primernejši model. Analizo nadaljujemo z oceno koeficientov najprimernejših modelov in preverjanjem predpostavk metode najmanjših kvadratov. Pri tem za vsak model preverjamo prisotnost normalne porazdelitve slučajne spremenljivke, multikolinearnosti, heteroskedastičnosti in avtokorelacije. Vse to preverimo in dokažemo z različnimi ekonometričnimi testi. Pri vseh modelih se izkaže obstoj normalne porazdelitve slučajne spremenljivke, homoskedastičnosti in avtokorelacije, ni pa prisotne multikolinearnosti. Zaradi težav, nastalih pri prisotnosti avtokorelacije, smo to morali odpraviti z metodo, imenovano HAC.
Keywords:	ekonometrična analiza, zaposlitvena funkcija, trg dela, Švedska, neenakosti med spoloma, metoda najmanjših kvadratov
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[A. Belić]
Year of publishing:	2020
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-76560
UDC:	330.4
COBISS.SI-ID:	37799171
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:H6EVWNSQ
Publication date in DKUM:	17.11.2020
Views:	875
Downloads:	99
Metadata:
Categories:	EPF
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	08.06.2020

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Gender disparities in Sweden: econometric analysis of employment function
Abstract:	Being employed is very important for every person, because it makes a possibility for them to get their monthly income. While on national level, higher level of employment improve economic activity. There are gender inequalities in the labour market because man have better opportunities to improve their job position and consequently their monthly income is higher than monthly income of women. It shows some influence from history, when women did not have many rights. We analyse three employment functions with econometric analysis, so we have three different dependent variables. These are all employed people in Sweden, employed man and employed women. We want to determine which variables have an affect on independent variables in each of the three regressions. The theoretical part introduces the labour market and gender inequalities in Sweden by analysing the number of employed and unemployed people, their monthly incomes, gender inequality index and index of human development. The empirical part represents linear and doublelogarithmic functions for all three dependent variables. We define the best functional form in all three cases by comparing the coefficients of determination, conducting the RESET test and the Box-Cox test. We continue analysis with the estimation of regression coefficients and testing the validity of some of the assumptions of the method of ordinary least squares for selected function model for each dependent variable. Different econometric tests show the existence of normal distribution of the random variable, multicollinearity, heteroskedasticty and autocorrelation, while multicolinearity does not exist in any of chosen models. The existence of autocorrelation had to be abolished with the HAC method.
Keywords:	econometric analysis, employment function, labour market, Sweden, gender inequalities, method of ordinary least squares

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