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Title:Razgradnja PVC odpadkov s hidrotermičnimi procesi : diplomsko delo univerzitetnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Authors:ID Črešnar, Ana Marija (Author)
ID Škerget, Mojca (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Čolnik, Maja (Comentor)
Files:.pdf UN_Cresnar_Ana_Marija_2020.pdf (1,80 MB)
MD5: A1994B33AEEEEDFAB651D84AE3B4FB02
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/1888c0a3-3819-4483-b5ae-306714d7961e
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Polivinilklorid (PVC) je eden izmed najbolj uporabljenih kloriranih plastik, ima zelo širok spekter uporabe, saj je cenovno zelo ugoden in se zaradi svojih lastnosti zelo dobro obnese kot material za različne izdelke. Prisoten je v številnih industrijah kot tudi v vsakdanjem življenju, kjer PVC izdelke najdemo v različnih oblikah. Še posebej pa je pomembno kako ravnamo s PVC odpadki, saj nepravilno ravnanje z njimi lahko povzroči velike okoljske in zdravstvene probleme. V tej diplomski nalogi smo se osredotočili na razgradnjo PVC – ja s hidrotermičnimi procesi v pod- in nadkritični vodi. Eksperimente smo izvajali v visokotlačnem in visokotemperaturnem šaržnem reaktorju. Preizkušali smo vpliv temperature in časa na razgradnjo PVC-ja. Eksperiment smo izvajali pri temperaturi 400 °C, 425 °C ter času 30 in 60 min pri konstantnem razmerju material/ voda (4,5g/ 20mL). Po degradaciji smo dobili razgradne produkte v štirih fazah: plinski, oljni, trdni in vodni fazi. Produkte smo nato analizirali s plinsko kromatografijo masno spektrometrijo (GC/MS) in Fourierjevo transformacijsko infrardečo spektroskopijo (FTIR). Količino kloridnih ionov v vodni fazi smo določili z obarjalnimi titracijami. Na podlagi rezultatov smo ugotovili, da velik del kloridnih ionov ostane v vodni fazi in da razgradnja PVC – ja kljub zelo visokim temperaturam ni popolnoma.
Keywords:Polivinilklorid, hidrotermični procesi, odpadna embalaža, razgradnja, dekloriranje
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[A. M. Črešnar]
Year of publishing:2020
Number of pages:VIII, 29 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-77564 New window
UDC:678.06:621.789(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:32694787 New window
NUK URN:URN:SI:UM:DK:SD5PQ33J
Publication date in DKUM:08.10.2020
Views:1271
Downloads:85
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:03.09.2020

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Degradation of PVC waste with hydrothermal processes
Abstract:Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used chlorinated plastics and has a very wide range of uses. It is very affordable and due to its properties works very well as a material for various products. It is present in many industries as well as in everyday life. PVC products are found in various forms. It is especially important how we handle PVC waste, as improper handling of it can cause major environmental and health problems. In this thesis we were focused on the decomposition of PVC by hydrothermal processes in sub- and supercritical water. The experiments were performed in a high-pressure and high-temperature batch reactor. The influence of temperature and time on PVC degradation was investigated. The experiments were performed at a temperature of 400 °C, 425 °C and a time of 30 and 60 min at constant material/ water ratio (4,5g/ 20mL). After degradation, decomposition products were obtained in four phases: gas, oil, solid and water. The products were analyzed by gas chromatography, mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The amount of chloride ions in the aqueous phase was determined by precipitation titrations. Based on results it was fund that a large part of chloride ions remain in the aqueous phase and that the decomposition of PVC is not complete despite very high temperatures.
Keywords:Polyvinyl chloride, hydrothermal processes, package waste, decomposition, dechlorination


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