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Title:Vpliv zahodnjaške prehrane na strukturo glomerula in zamaščenost ledvične skorje pri miših
Authors:ID Šuberger, Enej (Author)
ID Dolenšek, Jurij (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Lipovšek, Saška (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Suberger_Enej_2021.pdf (2,70 MB)
MD5: F2D681BF2CB926908ECFAD23CA440253
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/1ca5f04d-ed4a-474a-836a-42f654265e19
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:V zadnjih desetletjih je na svetovnem nivoju opazno drastično povečanje populacije s prekomerno telesno težo, kar je poglaviten razlog za pojav številnih bolezni. Zaradi tesne povezanosti s sladkorno boleznijo tipa 2 in hipertenzijo sta prekomerna teža in debelost pomembna dejavnika za kronično ledvično bolezen in končno odpoved ledvic. Namen raziskave je bil odkriti posledice zahodnjaške prehrane na strukturo glomerula in akumulacijo lipidov v ledvični skorji mišjega seva C57BL/6L, ki je dovzeten za sladkorno bolezen tipa 2. Kontrolna skupina živali je bila hranjena s standardno prehrano medtem, ko je bila testna skupina hranjena z zahodnjaško dieto. Po osemtedenskem hranjenju smo analizirali strukturo ledvične skorje miši. Poltanke tkivne rezine smo pregledali s svetlobnim mikroskopom z namenom opazovanja sprememb v strukturi glomerula in zamaščenosti ledvične skorje. Ultratanke tkivne rezine smo pregledali s transmisijskim elektronskim mikroskopom (TEM) in se osredotočili na spremembe integritete glomerulne bazalne lamine (BL). Ugotovili smo, da je zamaščenost ledvične skorje miši, hranjenih z zahodnjaško prehrano veliko večja od tistih, hranjenih s standardno prehrano. Zamaščenost se je odražala v večji pokrovnosti lipidnih kapelj v tkivnih rezinah ter v večjih in številčnejših kapljah. Pri glomerulih smo pri skupini, hranjeni z zahodnjaško prehrano, opazili povečanje Bowmanovih prostorov, za kar predvidevamo, da je posledica hiperfiltracije. Ugotovili smo, da pri hranjenju z zahodnjaško prehrano pride do povečanja glomerulnega volumna. Debelina bazalne lamine testne skupine se ni razlikovala od debeline bazalne lamine kontrolne skupine. V tkivnih rezinah miši testne skupine pa smo opazili številne odcepitve podocitnih nožic od bazalne lamine ter odcepljanja primarnih izrastkov od telesa podocitne celice, kar nakazuje na delno izgubo integritete bazalne lamine in na zmanjšanje funkcije filtracije. Z raziskavo smo dokazali, da zahodnjaški način hranjenja negativno vpliva na ledvično morfologijo. Na podlagi spremenjene ledvične morfologije sklepamo na upad funkcionalnosti. Nadaljnje raziskave so potrebne za boljše razumevanje mehanizmov tako na celičnem kot na genetskem nivoju, preko katerih debelost deluje na ledvično okvaro.
Keywords:akumulacija lipidov, bazalna lamina, Bowmanov prostor, glomerul, HFD, ledvica, podociti, sladkorna bolezen, zahodnjaška prehrana, zamaščenost ledvice
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[E. Šuberger]
Year of publishing:2021
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-79484 New window
UDC:612.46:616.379-008.64(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:76215811 New window
Publication date in DKUM:13.10.2021
Views:1068
Downloads:101
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FNM
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:06.07.2021

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Effects of western diet on glomerular structure and adiposity of renal cortex in mice
Abstract:In recent decades, there has been a drastic increase in the overweight population worldwide, which is a major factor for emergence of many diseases. Due to its close association with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, overweight and obesity are major risk factors for occurrence of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal failure. The aim of the study was to discover the effects of Western diet on glomerular structure and lipid accumulation in the renal cortex of the mouse strain C57BL/6L, which is susceptible to type 2 diabetes. The control group was fed a standard diet while the test group was fed the Western diet. After eight weeks of feeding, the structure of the mouse renal cortex was analyzed. Half-thin tissue slices were examined with light microscope in order to observe changes in the structure of the glomerulus and fattiness of the renal cortex. Ultrathin tissue slices were examined with transmission electron microscope (TEM) and the focus was on the changes in the integrity of the glomerular basal lamina (BL). We found that the renal cortex fat content of mice fed a Western diet was much higher compared to mice that were fed a standard diet. Fattiness was reflected in greater coverage of lipid droplets in tissue slices, and in larger and more numerous droplets. In glomeruli an increased Bowman's space was observed in the group that was fed a Western diet, which is thought to be the effect of hyperfiltration. We concluded that Western diet causes an increase in glomerular volume. Basal lamina thickness did not differ among test groups. However, we observed numerous effacements of podocyte foot processes from basal lamina and detachments of primary processes from the body of the podocyte cell, which indicates a partial loss of basal lamina integrity and reduction in filtration function. Reasearch has shown that the Western diet has a negative effect on renal morphology. Based on altered renal morphology, we conclude that the renal function is declining. More specific research is needed to better understand the mechanisms at both cellular and genetic levels trough which obesity acts on renal impairment.
Keywords:lipid accumulation, basal lamina, Bowman's space, glomerulus, HFD, kidney, podocytes, diabetes, Western diet, kidney fat


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