Kakšen vpliv ima univerzalni temeljni dohodek na gospodarstvo, potrošnjo in na delovno motivacijo prebivalstva?

Žnuderl, Maja

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Title:	Kakšen vpliv ima univerzalni temeljni dohodek na gospodarstvo, potrošnjo in na delovno motivacijo prebivalstva?
Authors:	ID Žnuderl, Maja (Author) ID Jagrič, Vita (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Znuderl_Maja_2021.pdf (2,50 MB) MD5: 950F9DF97806AB6BF023C25138EF9428 PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/b1204be3-a77a-457d-a676-5408fc9b014a
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	EPF - Faculty of Business and Economics
Abstract:	Mikavna se zdi ideja o brezpogojnem mesečnem dohodku, ki bi zagotavljal nek temelj za preživetje, to je univerzalni temeljni dohodek. Vendar se z vsako inovativno zamislijo in predvsem z vsako korenito spremembo v kakršen koli sistem, pa naj bo ta ideja še tako dobra, pojavijo dvomi o uspešnosti uvedbe in nasprotniki te ideje. Kakšen vpliv bi imel brezpogojno zagotovljen mesečni dohodek na delovno motivacijo prejemnikov in od kod bi se črpala denarna sredstva za financiranje takšnega transferja? In kakšni sta podpora in ozaveščenost Slovencev o univerzalnem temeljnem dohodku? To so bila izhodiščna vprašanja naše raziskave, ki smo jih podrobno raziskali. V vsaki krizi se iščejo revolucionarne ideje, katere bi nas lažje popeljale iz hudih časov, takrat so ljudje nezadovoljni in hrepenijo po spremembah. S pojavom novega koronavirusa, virusa dihalnih obolenj, ki se je v zelo kratkem času razširil po vsem svetu in razvil v pandemijo, zaradi katerega so se ustavila tudi največja gospodarstva in so na preizkušnji marsikateri zdravstveni sistemi, so se razprave o uvedbi UTD ponovno pojavile. Kljub temu da prve razprave o UTD izvirajo že iz 16. stoletja, se je ozaveščenost o UTD v zadnjih letih izboljšala, ponovno pa je zacvetela ideja o uvedbi UTD. Zaradi dogajanj v gospodarstvu, ki so posledica pandemije, so nas zanimali tudi učinki vseh ukrepov, ki so bili sprejeti z namenom omilitve posledic vpliva novega koronavirusa na gospodarstvo in zdravstvo, in učinki teh ukrepov na zasebno potrošnjo. V Sloveniji so v okviru teh ukrepov uvedli mesečni temeljni dohodek, pri katerem vidimo podobnosti z univerzalnim temeljnim dohodkom, kljub temu da je pogojen in ga prejemajo le nekateri upravičenci, v primeru da sami izpolnijo in oddajo vloge za prejemanje mesečnega temeljnega dohodka. V okviru naše raziskave smo od upravičencev do mesečnega temeljnega dohodka želeli izvedeti, kaj jim je pomenilo prejemanje tega dohodka. Zanimalo nas je tudi, ali je imel mesečni temeljni dohodek vpliv na njihovo mesečno premoženje in odnos do dela, kako je vplival na njihovo zasebno potrošnjo in ali so zaradi prejemanja tega dohodka bolj podvrženi k zagovarjanju uvedbe UTD. Po drugi strani nas je zanimala uspešnost različnih pilotnih projektov o uvedbi univerzalnega temeljnega dohodka, ki so se skozi čas izvajali po vsem svetu, predvsem, v kakšni obliki oziroma višini se je izvedba UTD do sedaj izkazala za najbolj uspešno in kje. Seveda ima največji učinek na uspešnost oziroma neuspešnost in na vse argumente nasprotnikov višina uvedenega UTD. Zagovorniki so mnenja, da bi bil UTD v višini, ki bi zagotavljala vsaj osnovno preživetje, najuspešnejši. Vendar se zavedajo vseh ovir in so v večini mnenja, da se uvedba izvede postopno, prvotno v nižjem znesku. Iz naše raziskave smo od anketirancev izvedeli, kakšna višina UTD se jim zdi najprimernejša, za kaj bi ta znesek, če bi ga prejemali vsak mesec, v večini porabili in kako bi se spremenil njihov odnos do dela in izobraževanja.
Keywords:	Univerzalni temeljni dohodek, mesečni temeljni dohodek, zasebna potrošnja, delovna motivacija, kakovost življenja, koronavirus
Place of publishing:	[Maribor
Publisher:	M. Žnuderl
Year of publishing:	2021
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-79748
UDC:	331.2:304
COBISS.SI-ID:	81852419
Publication date in DKUM:	21.10.2021
Views:	1313
Downloads:	181
Metadata:
Categories:	EPF
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Licences

License:	CC BY-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
Description:	Under the NoDerivatives Creative Commons license one can take a work released under this license and re-distribute it, but it cannot be shared with others in adapted form, and credit must be provided to the author.
Licensing start date:	17.08.2021

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	What impact does universal basic income have on the economy, consumption and work motivation of the population?
Abstract:	The idea of a Universal Basic Income (UBI), a fixed monthly income which would provide for every individuals basic needs, is very appealing. However, as with every 'innovative' idea or in this case a ground breaking even revolutionary change - be it good or bad - there will always be a lot of pushback, doubt and those who will vigourously oppose any change to that which is the status quo. Our analysis was based on following questions: what kind of an impact would a fixed income have on the indivuals motivation to work? From where would the resources derive? Would it even be something the population would want and how well are the people informed about said proposal? Although, these were not the only doubts and incognitos that we went out to try to find answers to - the depth of our research went much deeper into the subject. In times of crisis revolutianary ideas always find a bigger stage to play on as the masses become desperate and thus are much more open and sesceptible to radical change. With the appearance of the new coronavirus commonly known as COVID-19, an extremely contagious virus of the respiratory sistem that spread around the world like wildfire and quickly turned into a worldwide pandemic, the debate about a UBI resurfaced and gained alot of traction as even the biggest world industries were put to a halt and many of the worlds Health Systems were tested to the limit. Even though the first mentions of UBI can be traced to as far back as the 16th century, the idea it seems, has only recently come to forefront of the political debate as people become more informed of it's details. Due to the developments in the economy resulting from the pandemic, we were also interested in the effects of all measures taken to mitigate the effects of the new coronavirus on the economy and health, and also in the effects of these measures and events on private consumption. In Slovenia, as part of these measures, a monthly basic income was introduced in which we see similarities with the universal basic income, despite the fact that it is conditional and received only by beneficiary who fill in and submit an application for a monthly basic income. As part of our research, we wanted to find out from the recipients of the monthly basic income what were the benefits to receive this income. We were also interested in whether the monthly basic income had an impact on their monthly assets and their attitude to work, how it affected their private consumption and whether, as a result of receiving this income, they are more prone to advocating the introduction of UBI. On the other hand, we were interested in the success of various pilot projects on the introduction of universal basic income, which have been implemented over time around the world. In what form has the implementation of UBI so far proved to be the most successful and where. Of course the amount of the introduced UBI has the greatest effect on success or failure and on all arguments of opponents. Proponents are of the opinion that a UBI at a level that would ensure at least fundamental needs would be the most successful. However, they are aware of all the obstacles and the majority has the opinion that the introduction should be carried out gradually, initially at a lower amount. From our research, we learned from the respondents what amount of UBI they think is most appropriate, what this amount would be mostly spent on if they received it every month, and how their attitude to work and towards education would change.
Keywords:	Universal basic income, monthly basic income, private consumption, work motivation, quality of life, coronavirus

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