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Title:Generične znamke - iskanje ravnotežja med pravnim varstvom znamke in prosto rabo generičnega znaka : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Unverdorben, Tjaša (Author)
ID Repas, Martina (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Unverdorben_Tjasa_2021.pdf (1,26 MB)
MD5: BA8D6B15AD66CC1950A25D99B1F60D09
PID: 20.500.12556/dkum/222bd340-ffff-4d1f-93a7-cea7c83ab08d
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Magistrsko delo Generične znamke – iskanje ravnotežja med pravnim varstvom znamke in prosto rabo generičnega znaka obravnava pravne institute na področju ureditve generičnih znamk, s poudarkom na posebnostih znamk EU v primerjavi z nacionalnimi znamkami, ki so registrirane v posamezni državi članici EU. Hkrati izpostavlja določene pravne probleme, ki odpirajo možnost različnih razlag posameznih določb. Stališča glede upravičenosti in sorazmernosti instituta izbrisa znamke iz registra so v glavnini poenotena in se močno nagibajo v prid instituta. Javni interes, da nekateri znaki preidejo v javno domeno, namreč pretehta slabosti, ki jih ima izguba izključnih pravic iz znamke za imetnika, ki ni pravočasno ukrepal v smeri preprečevanja nastanka generičnosti. Še vedno pa določena odprta vprašanja slabijo pravno varnost na zadevnem področju. Zaradi diametralno nasprotnih stališč je predvsem določanje geografskega obsega, ki zadošča za izbris znamke EU, še vedno sporno. Nekateri menijo, da je mogoče znamko EU izbrisati le, če generična postane v celotni EU ali v pretežnem delu, spet drugi da zadošča generičnost zgolj v eni državi članici. Tudi razlage pravil in relevantnih okoliščin glede vključevanja posrednikov in trgovcev v relevantni krog oseb niso povsem enoznačne. Odločba Sodišča EU, ki bi dokončno razjasnila ustrezno razlago, bi tako pomembno prispevala k razvoju sodne prakse in skladni razlagi določb. Z visoko zastavljenim pragom za dosego z dolgotrajno uporabo pridobljenega razlikovalnega učinka za besedne znamke, se odpirajo tudi vprašanja upravičenosti različne pravne presoje generičnosti glede na vrsto znamke. Uveljavljena sodna praksa Sodišča EU trenutno še vedno ne izključuje možnosti izkazovanja pridobljenega razlikovalnega učinka za posamezne vrste znamk, vendar se nekateri zavzemajo za spremembo pristopa, po katerem za nekonvencionalne znamke sploh ne bi bilo možno izkazati z uporabo pridobljenega razlikovalnega učinka. Ker pa so prijavitelji le redko uspešni tudi pri dokazovanju pridobljenega razlikovalnega učinka nekonvencionalnih znamk, pozivi k zavzemanju bolj normativnega pristopa, do danes niso bili dovolj prepričljivi.
Keywords:registracija znamke, generična znamka, absolutni razlogi za zavrnitev registracije, ničnost znamke, izbris znamke, neaktivnost imetnika znamke, končni uporabnik, pridobljen razlikovalni učinek, povprečen potrošnik
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[T. Unverdorben]
Year of publishing:2021
Number of pages:88 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-80202 New window
UDC:347.772(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:78220291 New window
Publication date in DKUM:28.09.2021
Views:1501
Downloads:200
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:02.09.2021

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Generic trade marks - searching for balance between the trade mark protection and generic signs in public domain
Abstract:Master's thesis Generic trade marks – searching for balance between the trade mark protection and generic signs in public domain deals with the legal institutes in the field of generic trademark regulation, with an emphasis on the specifics of the EU trade marks in comparison to the national trade marks registered in the individual EU member state. At the same time, it highlights certain legal issues that might lead to different interpretations of the relevant provisions. It is determined that the rights of the proprietor, whose trade mark has become generic in consequence of his acts or inactivity, shall be revoked. Positions regarding the justification and proportionality of trade mark revocation are predominantly unified - public interest that some generic signs are in public domain prevails over the interests of individual trade mark proprietor, that was not sufficiently vigilant as regards to genericism. However, certain issues still undermine legal certainty in the field of generic trademarks. The territory where the EU trade mark must become generic in order to be liable to revocation is not specified. Therefore, some are claiming it is sufficient if the trade mark has become generic in only one EU member state, while on the other hand some are claiming that genericism throughout the EU shall be prerequisite for the EU trade mark revocation. Also, the interpretations of the circumstances taken into consideration regarding the involvement of the intermediaries and the traders into the relevant circle of persons, are still not entirely unambiguous. The decision of the Court of Justice of the EU that would clarify this issue would thus contribute importantly to the development of case law and consistent interpretation of the provision. Furthermore, the threshold for assuming acquired distinctiveness for the word marks is set high. That raises the questions about the legitimacy of different legal assessments according to the type of the trade mark. Based on the rulings of the Court of Justice of the EU acquired distinctiveness can still be obtained for all type of trade marks. However, since the applicants are rarely successful in demonstrating the acquired distinctiveness for the unconventional trade marks, those claiming for a more normative approach, so far, though, have not been convincing enough.
Keywords:trade mark registration, generic trade mark, absolute grounds for refusal, invalidation of the trade mark, trade mark revocation, inactivity of the proprietor, end-user, acquired distinctive character, average consumer


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