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Title:Vpliv površinske funkcionalizacije anizotropnih magnetnih struktur z amini na njihovo aktivnost za aldolno kondenzacijo : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Opara, Jan (Author)
ID Gyergyek, Sašo (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Kralj, Slavko (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Opara_Jan_2022.pdf (3,69 MB)
MD5: FDE7AE9D1759F16207651094852C99D6
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Aldolne reakcije uvrščamo med pomembne reakcije za tvorbo C-C vezi. Med zanimivimi spojinami, uporabljenimi v aldolni kondenzaciji, je hidroksimetilfurfural, ki je prekurzor za veliko uporabnih spojin. Z reakcijo aldolne kondenzacije hidroksimetilfurfurala se pridobijo uporabne molekule na področjih farmacije in zelene energije. Aldolne kondenzacije se najpogosteje izvajajo v prisotnosti močne baze, kisline ali kovinskega katalizatorja. Ti katalizatorji pa imajo slabosti. Močne kisline in baze zaradi visoke reaktivnosti niso primerne za vse reagenčne materiale. Prav tako so škodljive okolju in se ob industrijski uporabi le teh ustvari veliko odpadnega materiala. Kovinski katalizatorji teh pomanjkljivosti nimajo, imajo pa slabost visoke tržne cene. V zadnjih desetletjih se je uporaba magnetnih struktur v kemiji močno povečala. Zaradi magnetnih lastnosti se lahko magnetni katalizatorji enostavno regenerirajo po reakciji in znatno zmanjšajo stroške porabe katalizatorja. Magnetne strukture imajo velike aktivne površine, tako omogočajo vezavo velikega števila aminskih funkcionalnih skupin. Posledično povečajo aktivnost magnetnih katalizatorjev. Aminosilani se uvrščajo med šibke baze, zato se zniža škodljivost odpadnih materialov. Z uporabo magnetnih struktur, prevlečenih z aminosilani, bi lahko odpravili težave, ki se pojavljajo pri uporabi močnih baz in kislin ter kovinskih katalizatorjev v reakciji aldolne kondenzacije. V magistrskem delu sem pripravil hidrotermalno sintetizirane anizotropne magnetne nanodelce, prevlečene z alumino, in anizotropne magnetne nanodelce, prevlečene s siliko. Magnetne nanodelce sem dodatno prevlekel z aminosilani (3-aminopropil)trietoksisilan, 3-(2-aminoetilamino)propilmetildimetoksisilan in 1-(3-(trietiloksilil)propil)imidazol, nato pa sem se osredotočil na vpliv magnetnih struktur, prevlečenih z aminosilani, v katalizi aldolnih kondenzacij. Proučeval sem vpliv spreminjanja pogojev pri vezavi (3-aminopropil)trietoksisilana na ζ-potencial hidrotermalno sintetiziranih magnetnih nanodelcev, prevlečenih s plastjo (3-aminopropil)trietoksisilana, in vpliv pripravljenih magnetnih struktur s prevlekami na aldolno kondenzacijo hidroksimetilfurfurala. Vezave aminosilanov sem preveril z meritvami ζ-potenciala, analiza vsebnosti reakcijske zmesi v aldolni kondenzaciji pa se je opravila s plinsko kromatografijo-masno spektrometrijo. Na osnovi dobljenih rezultatov sem potrdil uspešnost prevlečenja magnetnih struktur z aminosilani in uspešnost katalize aldolne kondenzacije hidroksimetilfurfurala z magnetnimi strukturami, prevlečenimi z aminosilani.
Keywords:hidroksimetilfurfural, silika, alumina, aminosilani, aldolna kondenzacija, anizotropni magnetni nanodelci, koloidna suspenzija
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[J. Opara]
Year of publishing:2022
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XI, 52 f.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-82742 New window
UDC:544.77:621.318.1(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:132430339 New window
Publication date in DKUM:26.09.2022
Views:761
Downloads:55
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:06.09.2022

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Surface functionalization effect of anisotropic magnetic structures with amines on their activity for aldol condensation
Abstract:Aldol reactions are classified into important C-C bond formation reactions. Among interesting compounds used in aldol condensation is hydroxymethylfurfural, a precursor for many useful compounds. With aldol condensation reaction of hydroxymethylfurfural useful molecules are acquired on pharmaceutical and green energy fields. Aldol condensations are most commonly carried out in the presence of strong acids, bases or metal catalysts. But these catalysts have drawbacks. Strong acids and bases are not appropriate for all reagent materials because of their high reactivity. In industry they also produce waste materials in great quantities and are environmentally very damaging. Metal catalysts don't have these drawbacks, but they have high market costs. In the last ten years the use of magnetic structures in chemistry has risen. Magnetic catalysts are easily regenerated after reactions because of their magnetic properties. This lowers the cost of catalyst considerably. Magnetic structures have characteristic of large active surface. That is why large number of amine functional groups can be bonded to the surface, followed up by the increase in catalyst activity. Aminosilanes belong in the category of weak bases, which damage the environment less. By using magnetic structures, coated with aminosilanes, we could avoid problems, that arise with use of strong bases, strong acids and metal catalysts in reaction of aldol condensation. In my masters thesis I prepared hydrothermally synthetized anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles, coated in alumina, and anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles, coated in silica. I additionally coated magnetic particles with aminosilanes (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, 3-(2-aminoethylamino)propylmethyldimethoxysilane and 1-(3-(triethyloxysilyl)propyl)imidazole. Afterwards I focused on the effect of magnetic nanoparticles, coated with aminosilanes in catalysis of aldol condensation. I studied the effect of parameter changes in (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane coating synthesis on ζ-potential of hydrothermally synthetized anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles, coated with a layer of (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane. I studied the effect of different magnetic structures on aldol condensation of hydroxymethylfurfural. Succesfulness of aminosilane coating was checked with ζ-potencial measurements. Analysis of reaction mixture content after aldol condensation was carried out with GC-MS. Based on results I have confirmed succesfulness of magnetic nanoparticles coating with aminosilanes and succesfulness of aldol condensation catalysis of hydroxymethylfurfural with nanoparticles coated in aminosilanes.
Keywords:hydroxymethylfurfural, silica, alumina, aminosilanes, aldol condensation, anisotropic magnetic nanoparticles, colloidal suspension


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