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Title:Fragmentacija plastičnih materialov v različnih vodnih okoljih : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Sep, Noemi (Author)
ID Čuček, Lidija (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Fras Zemljič, Lidija (Comentor)
ID Plohl, Olivija (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Sep_Noemi_2023.pdf (5,47 MB)
MD5: EFAE2A3A520118CC28B951C2FA56D3A1
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:Namen magistrske naloge je bil preučiti in primerjati mehanizme degradacije oziroma fragmentacije štirih konvencionalnih plastičnih materialov (polietilen tereftalat (PET), recikliran polietilen tereftalat (rPET), vlakna polietilen tereftaltata (PETFIB), vlakna melaminske eterificirane smole (MERFIB)) in enega biorazgradljivega plastičnega materiala (polilaktična kislina (PLA)) v treh modelnih vodah z različnimi vrednostmi pH (4, 7 in 10) ter v dveh realnih vodah (pitna voda in morska voda). Fragmentacijo plastičnih materialov smo preučevali za njihovo izpostavljenost v treh različnih časovnih obdobjih (1 mesec, 3 meseci in 6 mesecev). Tako smo primerjali kinetiko degradacije/fragmentacije različnih plastičnih materialov ter preučevali vpliv različnih parametrov, kot sta časovna izpostavljenost, vpliv naravnega okolja ter pH vrednosti na kinetiko degradacije. V sklopu magistrske naloge smo prav tako izvedli eksperiment, pri čemer smo uporabili 10-kratno količino začetnega vzorca, kjer smo spremenili razmerje med materialom in vodnim medijem. Na koncu smo izvedli še standardni test za določanje toksičnost (TCLP) po standardu SW-846 Test Method 1311. Spremembe v masi plastičnih materialov ter količino nastale mikroplastike smo kvantificirali s pomočjo gravimetrije. Morebitne morfološke spremembe materiala smo okarakterizirali s pomočjo optičnega mikroskopa, morebitne spremembe funkcionalnih skupin pa smo spremljali z ATR-FTIR spektroskopijo. V vodnih medijih smo spremljali spreminjanje naslednjih parametrov: pH vrednost, prevodnost, motnost, povprečno velikost delcev ter skupni organski ogljik. Med petimi preučevanimi materiali kaže MERFIB največjo stopnjo degradacije, najbolj obstojen med preučevanimi materiali pa je konvencionalni material PET. Po šestih mesecih izpostavljenosti smo pri materialih PET, rPET in MERFIB lahko zasledili največjo stopnjo degradacije v primeru uporabe modelne vode s pH vrednostjo 4. V primeru materiala PETFIB pa se je za najučinkovitejše degradacijsko sredstvo izkazala morska voda. PLA se je najbolj degradirala v modelni vodi s pH vrednostjo 10. S pomočjo standardnega testa za določanje toksičnosti smo prav tako potrdili, da je med petimi preučevanimi materiali MERFIB najbolj nagnjen k fragmentaciji zaradi njegove vlaknaste strukture.
Keywords:plastični materiali, fragmentacija, polietilen tereftalat, recikliran polietilen tereftalat, vlakna polietilen tereftaltata, polilaktična kislina, vlakna melaminske eterificirane smole
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[N. Sep]
Year of publishing:2023
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (XIV, 93 f.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-83772 New window
UDC:678.762.2.01:628.19(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:147492355 New window
Publication date in DKUM:01.03.2023
Views:834
Downloads:80
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:06.02.2023

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Fragmentation of plastic materials in different aquatic environments
Abstract:The purpose of the thesis was to study and compare the mechanisms of degradation or fragmentation of four conventional plastic materials (polyethylene terephthalate (PET), recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET), polyethylene terephthalate fibers (PETFIB), melamine etherified resin fibers (MERFIB)) and one biodegradable plastic material (polylactic acid (PLA)) in three model waters with different pH values (4, 7 and 10), and in two real waters (tap water and sea water). The fragmentation of plastic materials was studied over three different time periods (1 month, 3 months and 6 months). Thus, the kinetics of degradation/fragmentation of different plastic materials was compared and the influence of various parameters was studied on the kinetics of degradation, such as the time of exposure, the influence of the natural environment and pH value. As a part of the thesis, an experiment was also carried out, where 10 times higher amount was used compared to the initial sample, and the ratio between the material and the water medium was changed. At the end, the standard toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) was performed according to the standard SW-846 Test Method 1311. Mass loss of materials and the amount of produced microplastics were quantified using gravimetry. Possible morphological changes of the materials were characterized using an optical microscope, and possible changes of functional groups were monitored using ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. In water samples, changes in the following parameters were monitored: pH value, conductivity, turbidity, average particle size and total organic carbon. Among the five materials studied, MERFIB shows the highest degradation rate, and virgin PET is the most durable among the materials studied. After six months of exposure, in the case of PET, rPET and MERFIB, the highest degree of degradation was observed in the case of model water with a pH value of 4. In the case of PETFIB, sea water proved to be the most effective degradation agent. PLA degraded the most in model water with a pH value of 10. With the standard toxicity characteristic leaching procedure, it was also confirmed that of the five materials studied, MERFIB is the most prone to fragmentation due to its fibrous structure.
Keywords:plastic materials, fragmentation, polyethylene terephthalate, recycled polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate fibers, polylactic acid, melamine etherified resin fibers


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