Zloraba položaja s strani lastnikov poslovnih deležev : magistrsko delo

Detiček Sgueglia, Antonella

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Title:	Zloraba položaja s strani lastnikov poslovnih deležev : magistrsko delo
Authors:	ID Detiček Sgueglia, Antonella (Author) ID Šepec, Miha (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Sgueglia_Deticek_Antonella_2023.pdf (781,57 KB) MD5: 29485FCD8F5538CA9562B607501AD04A
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Kaznivo dejanje zlorabe položaja ali pravic iz prvega in drugega odstavka 240. člena slovenskega Kazenskega zakonika (KZ-1) je najpomembnejše osrednje gospodarsko kaznivo dejanje iz 24. poglavja. Zakonski opis kaznivega dejanja zlorabe položaja ali zaupanja odpira dilemo pravno zavarovane dobrine, ki naj bi se s predmetnim kaznivim dejanjem sploh varovala. To problematiko kot tudi ostala odprta vprašanja v okviru kaznivega dejanja zlorabe položaja iz 240. člena KZ-1 bom ob preučitvi sodne prakse obravnavala v svoji magistrski nalogi. Na zapletenost problematike kaže že sama sodna praksa, odzivi nanjo in kritike pravnih strokovnjakov, ki zagovarjajo različna stališča. Gospodarska kriminaliteta, v okviru katere uvrščamo tudi kaznivo dejanje iz 240. člena KZ-1, je eden od pomembnejših problemov sodobne družbe. Kljub temu, da je tovrstno kaznivo dejanje izredno pomembno, je sodna praksa na tem področju problematična in nejasna. Prav tako naletimo na nasprotujoča si stališča pravne teorije, ki v nas vzbujajo dvom o pravilnosti ureditve tovrstnega kaznivega dejanja na področju enoosebnih kapitalskih družb. Odsotnost drugih družbenikov v enoosebnih gospodarskih družbah povzroča večjo možnost zlorab. Zaradi strukture takšne družbe je privolitev v oškodovanje družbinega premoženja vselej podana, kar načenja vprašanje protipravnosti kaznivega dejanja. Starševski koncept in koncept ločevanja premoženja družbe od premoženja njenih članov v enoosebni gospodarski družbi za potrebe kazenskega prava nista ustrezna. V enoosebni družbi je edini družbenik tudi njen »gospodar«, saj kroji njeno pravno usodo. Funkciji lastništva in poslovodstva sta združeni v isti osebi, zatorej je oškodovanje lastne družbe le fiktivno – posameznik z oškodovanjem enoosebne družbe v resnici oškoduje le svoje lastno premoženje, ki ga je pravno pretvoril v samostojno pravno osebo, a ga lahko z likvidacijo lastne družbe pretvori nazaj v lastno premoženje.
Keywords:	kazenska odgovornost, zloraba položaja ali zaupanja, pravno zavarovana dobrina, načelo ločenosti premoženja družbe od premoženja družbenikov, privolitev, enoosebne gospodarske družbe.
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Place of performance:	Maribor
Publisher:	A. Sgueglia Detiček
Year of publishing:	2023
Number of pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (V, 48 str.))
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-85202
UDC:	347.72:343.353(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:	168807683
Note:	Sistemske zahteve: Acrobat reader
Publication date in DKUM:	17.10.2023
Views:	779
Downloads:	142
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	26.08.2023

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Abuse of position by owners of business interests
Abstract:	The criminal act of abuse of position or rights from the first and second paragraphs of Article 240 of the Slovenian Criminal Code (CC-1) is the most important central economic crime from Chapter 24. The legal description of the criminal act of abuse of position or trust opens up the dilemma of a legally protected asset, which is supposed to be protected by the criminal act in question. This issue, as well as other open questions in the context of the criminal act of abuse of position from Article 240 of the CC-1, will be discussed in my master's thesis after examining the case law. The complexity of the issue is indicated by the jurisprudence itself, the reactions to it and the criticisms of legal experts who defend different positions. Economic crime, which also includes the crime from Article 240 of the CC-1, is one of the most important problems of modern society. Even though the fact that this type of crime is extremely important, the legal practice in this area is problematic and unclear. We also come across conflicting views of legal theory, which raise doubts about the correctness of the regulation of this type of criminal act in the field of sole proprietorships. The absence of other partners in sole proprietorships creates a greater possibility of abuse. Due to the structure of such a company, consent to the damage of company property is always given, which raises the question of the illegality of the crime. The parental concept and the concept of separating the assets of the company from the assets of its members in a sole proprietorship are not adequate for the purposes of criminal law. In a sole proprietorship, the sole shareholder is also its "master", as he shapes its legal destiny. The functions of ownership and management are combined in the same person, therefore damage to one's own company is only fictitious - by damaging a one-person company, an individual in fact damages only his own property, which he has legally converted into an independent legal entity, but can convert it back by liquidating his own company into one's own property.
Keywords:	Criminal liability, abuse of position or trust, legally insured property, principle of separation of company property from the property of partners, consent, sole proprietorship.

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