Ergonomska analiza elektromontažnih del na višini

Coklin, Matej

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Title:	Ergonomska analiza elektromontažnih del na višini
Authors:	ID Coklin, Matej (Author) ID Balantič, Zvonko (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Coklin_Matej_2023.pdf (7,48 MB) MD5: 5584B5239560F3FB62F88B7129418138
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FOV - Faculty of Organizational Sciences in Kranj
Abstract:	Na primeru podjetja Elektro Celje, d. d., smo proučevali dejavnike in okoliščine nastanka nevarnih situacij in tveganj za razvoj različnih obolenj pri elektromonterjih ob izvajanju višinskih del na elektroenergetskem omrežju. S pomočjo metode OWAS smo opravili analizo obremenitev telesa pri dveh različnih načinih izvedbe višinskih del. Izsledke OWAS analize smo potrdili in nadgradili z izvedbo ankete o varnosti, zdravju in izpostavljenosti zaposlenih poklicnim obolenjem na delovnem mestu. Ugotovili smo, da prihaja pri opravljanju višinskih del do delovnih položajev in opravil, ki presegajo dovoljeno dnevno obremenitev in zato zahtevajo takojšnje, nujno ukrepanje (opravilo vzpenjanja na oporišče) ali ukrepanje v doglednem času (sklonjena hrbtenica v torziji, uporaba fizične sile nad 200 N, glava, sklonjena pod kotom 30° ali več). Zaznane pomanjkljivosti je mogoče delno odpraviti s povečano uporabo mehaniziranih pripomočkov, kjer lokacija izvedbe del to dopušča, sicer z reorganizacijo in optimizacijo delovnega procesa. Možne ergonomske rešitve, ki bi razbremenile delavca in povečale varnost pri delu, so: združevanje več delovnih skupin – s povečevanjem obsega timskega dela bi se skrajšal čas izvedbe posameznih delovnih operacij in dosegla večja učinkovitost; smiselna organizacija in aktivno upravljanje odmorov – z ustrezno dolžino, razporeditvijo in številom odmorov bi se čas kvarnih drž pri delu znižal na ustrezen nivo; upoštevanje osebnih karakteristik delavcev pri dodeljevanju varnih in primernih delovnih zadolžitev v okviru delovnega procesa. Višji nivo zdravja pri delu bi dosegli z uvedbo celovite ocene telesne pripravljenosti delavcev v redne obdobne zdravniške preglede. Sistematično spremljanje telesnih zmogljivosti bi omogočilo premišljeno raz- in prerazporejanje delavcev na ustrezna delovna mesta znotraj podjetja. K večjemu ozaveščanju delavcev o nevarnostih in tveganjih na delovnem mestu bi pripomogla tudi revizija dokumenta Izjava o varnosti z oceno tveganja v smislu natančnejšega opisa višinskih del in ovrednotenja tveganja pri njihovem izvajanju.
Keywords:	ergonomija, višinska dela, vzdrževalna dela, OWAS, varstvo pri delu
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Year of publishing:	2023
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-85452
COBISS.SI-ID:	173532931
Publication date in DKUM:	24.11.2023
Views:	583
Downloads:	59
Metadata:
Categories:	FOV
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	29.08.2023

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Ergonomic Analysis of Electrical Assembly Work at Height
Abstract:	On the example of the company Elektro Celje, d. d., we studied the factors and circum-stances of the occurrence of dangerous situations and risks for the development of various diseases among electrical fitters when performing work at height on the pow-er grid. With the help of the OWAS method, we performed an analysis of body loads in two different ways of performing work at height. We confirmed and upgraded the re-sults of the OWAS analysis by conducting a survey on safety, health and employee exposure to occupational diseases at the workplace. We found that when performing work at height, there are working positions and tasks that exceed the permitted daily load and therefore require immediate, urgent action (the task of climbing to a sup-port) or action in the foreseeable future (bent spine in torsion, using use of physical force above 200 N, head bent at an angle of 30° or more). Perceived shortcomings can be partially eliminated by increased use of mechanized tools, where the location of the work execution allows, otherwise by reorganization and optimization of the work process. Possible ergonomic solutions that would relieve the worker and increase safe-ty at work are: combining several work groups - by increasing the scope of teamwork, the time required to perform individual work operations would be reduced and greater efficiency would be achieved; meaningful organization and active management of breaks - with the appropriate length, distribution and number of breaks, the time of poor postures at work would be reduced to an appropriate level; taking into account the personal characteristics of workers when assigning safe and suitable work tasks within the framework of the work process. A higher level of health at work would be achieved by introducing a comprehensive assessment of workers' physical fitness dur-ing regular periodical medical examinations. Systematic monitoring of physical capa-bilities would allow for the deliberate allocation and reassignment of workers to ap-propriate jobs within the company. A revision of the Safety Statement document with a risk assessment in the sense of a more precise description of work at height and risk assessment during their implementation would also help to raise workers' awareness of dangers and risks in the workplace.
Keywords:	Ergonomics, OWAS, Safety at Work, Maintenance Work, Work at Height

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