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Title:Lajšanje bolečine po operaciji z opioidi
Authors:ID Škofič, Nataša (Author)
ID Krčevski Škvarč, Nevenka (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Vrbnjak, Dominika (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Skofic_Natasa_2024.pdf (1,15 MB)
MD5: F8DFFCBA4B95A69CEDA588B0F80A7AC4
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
Abstract:Uvod: Opioidi so pomembni pri lajšanju bolečine po operaciji, vendar je njihova uporaba povezana z različnimi možnimi neželenimi učinki zaradi farmakološkega delovanja ali nepravilne uporabe. V raziskavi so proučeni neželeni učinki in razlogi podaljšane uporabe opioidov pri lajšanju bolečine po operaciji. Metode: Pregled literature je bil izveden v podatkovnih bazah PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library in ScienceDirect. Raziskave so bile kritično ocenjene z orodjem The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Analizirani podatki so predstavljeni v evalvacijski tabeli. Za sintezo je bila uporabljena opisna metoda. Rezultati: Od 712 identificiranih zadetkov je bilo v končno analizo vključenih 14 člankov. Ugotovljeno je bilo, da se pri 6–10 % bolnikov opioidi po operaciji uporabljajo predolgo. Dejavniki tveganja za to so: predoperativna uporaba opioidov, uporaba alkohola in drog, kajenje in sočasne duševne motnje ter kronične bolezni. Najpogosteje se kot neželeni učinki navajajo: slabost, zaprtje, sedacija, zvišana občutljivost na bolečino, apneja med spanjem, toksičnost in smrt. Razlogi za podaljšano uporabo opioidov po operaciji so še vedno pogosto predpisovanje opioidov kljub drugim možnostim lajšanja bolečine po operaciji, nezadostno poučevanje bolnikov ter nenadzorovano predpisovanje opioidov in spremljanje bolnikov na zdravljenju z opioidi. Razprava in zaključek: Nepravilna in podaljšana uporaba opioidov proti bolečini po operaciji doprinaša k svetovni opioidni krizi in predstavlja pasti za varno lajšanje bolečine po operaciji. Upoštevanje smernic za obravnavo bolečine po operacijah in navodil za preprečevanje podaljšanja uporabe lahko bistveno izboljša trenutno stanje.
Keywords:bolečina, opioidi, operacija, neželeni učinki, podaljšana uporaba
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[N. Škofič]
Year of publishing:2024
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-90792 New window
UDC:617-089:616-009.7+615.212.7(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:217061891 New window
Publication date in DKUM:11.12.2024
Views:186
Downloads:76
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FZV
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:23.09.2024

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Postoperative pain management with opioids
Abstract:Introduction: Opioids are important for the relief of pain after surgery, but their use is associated with a variety of potential side effects due to pharmacological action or misuse. In this thesis, we investigated the side effects and reasons for prolonged use of opioids in postoperative pain management. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library and ScienceDirect databases. The studies were critically appraised using the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network tool. The analysed data are presented in an evaluation table and descriptive methods were used for the synthesis. Results: Of the 712 records identified, 14 articles were included in the final analysis. We found that 6-10% of patients take opioids for too long after surgery. Risk factors for this include preoperative opioid use, alcohol and drug use, smoking and co-existing mental disorders and chronic diseases. The most reported side effects are Nausea, constipation, sedation, increased pain sensitivity, sleep apnoea, toxicity and death. Reasons for prolonged opioid use after surgery include continued frequent prescribing of opioids despite other options for pain relief after surgery, inadequate patient education, and uncontrolled opioid prescribing and monitoring of patients on opioid therapy. Discussion and conclusion: Inappropriate and prolonged use of opioids for postoperative pain contributes to the global opioid crisis and presents pitfalls for safe postoperative pain relief. Adherence to postoperative pain management guidelines and advice on avoiding prolonged use can significantly improve the current situation.
Keywords:pain, opioids, postoperative, side effects, long-term use


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