| Title: | Identification and content of astaxanthin and its esters from microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis by HPLC-DAD and LC-QTOF-MS after extraction with various solvents |
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| Authors: | ID Todorović, Biljana (Author)
ID Grujić, Jaša Veno (Author)
ID Urbanek Krajnc, Andreja (Author)
ID Kranvogl, Roman (Author)
ID Ambrožič-Dolinšek, Jana (Author) |
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| Files: |  Todorovic_2021_Identification_and_Content_of_Astaxanthin.pdf (1,83 MB)
MD5: 553B34A6A6F9DC5A2A9263AC5186C0EF
 https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10112413
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Scientific work |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FKBV - Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences
FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
PEF - Faculty of Education
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| Abstract: | Haematococcus pluvialis, a unicellular green microalga that produces a secondary metabolite under stress conditions, bears one of the most potent antioxidants, namely xanthophyll astaxanthin. The aim of our study was to determine the content of astaxanthin and its esterified forms using three different solvents—methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), hexane isopropanol (HEX -IPA) and acetone (ACE)—and to identify them by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and the quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD and LC-QTOF-MS) technique. We identified eleven astaxanthin monoesters, which accounted for 78.8% of the total astaxanthin pool, six astaxanthin diesters (20.5% of total), while free astaxanthin represented the smallest fraction (0.7%). Astaxanthin monoesters (C16:2, C16:1, C16:0), which were the major bioactive compounds in the H. pluvialis samples studied, ranged from 10.2 to 11.8 mg g−1 DW. Astaxanthin diesters (C18:4/C18:3, C18:1/C18:3) were detected in the range between 2.3 and 2.6 mg g−1 DW. All three solvents were found to be effective for extraction, but MTBE and hexane-isopropanol extracted the greatest amount of free bioactive astaxanthin. Furthermore, MTBE extracted more low-chain astaxanthin monoesters (C16), and hexane-isopropanol extracted more long-chain monoesters (C18 and above) and more diesters. We can conclude that MTBE is the solvent of choice for the extraction of monoesters and hexane-isopropanol for diesters. |
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| Keywords: | astaxanthin diesters, astaxanthin monoesters, carotenoids, Hematococcus pluvialis, astaxanthin diesters, solvent extraction |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 27.10.2021 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 07.11.2021 |
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| Publication date: | 09.11.2021 |
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| Publisher: | MDPI |
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| Year of publishing: | 2021 |
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| Number of pages: | Str. 1-14 |
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| Numbering: | Letn. 10, št. 11, št. članka 2413 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-91170  |
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| UDC: | 66.098:582.3 |
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| ISSN on article: | 2223-7747 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 84256003 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/plants10112413 |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 22.11.2024 |
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| Views: | 206 |
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| Downloads: | 28 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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