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Title:Dolgoročne posledice z mastoidektomijo zdravljenega akutnega mastoiditisa
Authors:ID Švagan, Matija (Author)
ID Rebol, Janez (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf DOK_Svagan_Matija_2025.pdf (12,10 MB)
MD5: 265DF27CB62F0E3D01141D7A506F23D2
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Dissertation
Typology:2.08 - Doctoral Dissertation
Organization:MF - Faculty of Medicine
Abstract:Izhodišča: Akutni mastoiditis (AM) in z njim povezani zapleti, ki so posledica akutnega gnojnega vnetja srednjega ušesa, se kljub razširjeni uporabi antibiotikov še vedno pojavljajo, najpogosteje pri otrocih. Medtem ko številne študije preučujejo patogenezo, povzročitelje in zdravljenje akutnega mastoiditisa, manjkajo študije, ki bi celovito preučile dolgoročne posledice prebolelega AM in fiziološke posledice kirurškega posega v temporalno kost. Metode: Kohorto bolnikov, ki so zaradi AM prejeli kirurško zdravljenje v obliki mastoidektomije, smo povabili na testiranje vsaj pet let po operaciji. Preiskava je vključevala vprašalnik COMQ-12, klinični pregled in otomikroskopijo, razširjeno visokofrekvenčno pražno tonsko avdiometrijo, DPOAE, impedančne meritve srednjega ušesa in testiranje funkcije mastoida z novo razvitim protokolom za neinvazivno merjenje funkcije mastoida. Rezultate smo primerjali s kontrolno skupino in skupino, ki je za akutni otitis media z nevarnostjo mastoiditisa prejela kirurško zdravljenje samo v obliki timpanostomije. Vsaka izmed skupin je vsebovala 30 testiranih ušes, skupaj 90. Rezultati: V vprašalniku COMQ-12 smo ugotovili, da imajo bolniki po mastoidektomiji nekoliko več težav s sluhom v tihem okolju, s sluhom v hrupu, več zaznave tinitusa in neprijetnega občutka okoli ušesa. Pri otomikroskopiji so bile v testnih skupinah opažene manjše strukturne spremembe, ne pa tudi v kontrolni skupini. Tonska avdiometrija je pokazala za približno 10 dB višje pražne vrednosti pri visokih in razširjenih visokih frekvencah, podobno kot pri testu DPOAE. Pri testiranju upornosti srednjega ušesa je bilo zaznano le zvišanje praga stapedialnega refleksa; drugi testi niso pokazali statistično značilnih razlik. Testiranje funkcije mastoida je pri bolnikih z mastoidektomijo pokazalo ohranjeno funkcijo tlačnega pufra in zmanjšano zmožnost toplotne izolacije ravnotežnega organa ob ekstremni toplotni stimulaciji, ki pa se v vsakdanjem življenju redko pojavi. Zaključek: Dolgoročno ima večina bolnikov po prebolelem AM le manjše funkcionalne in strukturne posledice. V kontekstu zdravljenja AM so učinki mastoidektomije zanemarljivi v primerjavi z manj invazivnimi kirurškimi posegi.
Keywords:akutni mastoiditis, mastoidektomija, dolgoročne posledice, otroška otorinolaringologija
Place of publishing:Maribor
Publisher:[M. Švagan]
Year of publishing:2025
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-92523 New window
UDC:616.284.7-089.8(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:235079683 New window
Publication date in DKUM:08.05.2025
Views:241
Downloads:38
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:MF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:16.04.2025

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Longterm outcomes of surgical treatment for paediatric acute mastoiditis: the role of mastoidectomy
Abstract:Background: Despite the widespread use of antibiotics, acute mastoiditis (AM) and related complications resulting from acute purulent otitis media continue to occur, predominantly in children. Although numerous studies have focused on the pathogenesis, aetiological agents, and treatment of AM, comprehensive investigations of the long-term outcomes of AM and the physiological consequences of surgical intervention in the temporal bone are lacking. Methods: A cohort of patients who had undergone mastoidectomy for AM were invited for evaluation at least five years postoperatively. The assessment included the COMQ-12 questionnaire, clinical examination and otomicroscopy, extended high-frequency pure-tone audiometry, DPOAE, middle ear impedance testing, and a newly developed protocol for non-invasive mastoid function measurement. Results were compared with a control group and a group treated solely with tympanostomy for acute otitis media at risk of mastoiditis. Results: In the COMQ-12 questionnaire, we found that patients who underwent mastoidectomy experienced slightly greater difficulties with hearing in quiet environments and in noisy settings, as well as an increased perception of tinnitus and an unpleasant sensation around the ear. Otomicroscopy revealed minor structural changes in the test groups, whereas no such changes were observed in the control group. Pure-tone audiometry demonstrated approximately 10 dB higher threshold values at high and extended high frequencies, similar to findings in the DPOAE test. Middle ear impedance testing indicated an elevation in the stapedius reflex threshold, while other tests did not reveal statistically significant differences. Mastoid function testing in patients who had undergone mastoidectomy showed preserved pressure buffer function but a reduced capacity for thermal insulation of the vestibular organ under extreme thermal stimulation—an occurrence that is rarely encountered in daily life. Conclusions: In the long term, most patients recovering from AM exhibit only minor functional and structural sequelae. In the context of AM management, the effects of mastoidectomy are negligible compared to those of less invasive surgical interventions.
Keywords:acute mastoiditis, mastoidectomy, long-term outcomes, paediatric otorhinolaryngology


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