Optimizacija beljakovin v popolnih krmnih mešanicah za znižanje emisij NH3  pri prašičih : diplomsko delo

Pahič, Rok

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Title:	Optimizacija beljakovin v popolnih krmnih mešanicah za znižanje emisij NH3 pri prašičih : diplomsko delo
Authors:	ID Pahič, Rok (Author) ID Brus, Maksimiljan (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Pogorelec, Robert (Comentor)
Files:	MAG_Pahic_Rok_2025.pdf (1,52 MB) MD5: EA395637C266E3373665F26849CF7EDB
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis/paper
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	FKBV - Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences
Abstract:	Surove beljakovine (SB) so ena izmed ključnih komponent v krmi prašičev. V magistrskem delu smo optimizirali sestavo popolnih krmnih mešanic (PKM) z zniževanjem deleža sojinih tropin in dodatkom sintetičnih aminokislin za dvofazno pitanje. V fazi BEK-1; 24 %, 12%, 0% in v fazi BEK-2; 20 %, 10 %, 0 %. Z njimi smo krmili 18 prašičev pitancev, razdeljenih v 3 skupine (ST-24, ST-12, ST-0). Proučevali smo vpliv zniževanja deleža SB v PKM na proizvodne rezultate ter na koncentracijo sečnine v slini in serumu ter koncentracijo amoniakalnega dušika v blatu živali. Skupini ST-24 in ST-12 sta dosegli primerljivo telesno maso (125,70 ± 15,55 kg in 122,28 ± 11,10 kg), skupina ST-12 pa zaradi preciznejše aminokislinske optimizacije PKM višji tržni razred klavnih trupov (S proti E). Skupini ST-12 smo znotraj obeh faz pitanja določili nižje koncentracije sečnine v slini (0,89 ± 0,22 mg/dL in 2,03 ± 0,73 mg/dL) v primerjavi s skupino ST-24 (1,95 ± 0,82 mg/dL in 2,76 ± 0,95 mg/dL), nižja pa je bila tudi njuna koncentracija sečnine v serumu (0,32 ± 0,12 mg/dL proti 0,49 ± 0,27 mg/dL). Koncentracija amoniakalnega dušika skupine ST-12 (1300,7 ± 153,0 mg/kg) je bila nižja v primerjavi s skupino ST-24 (1434,8 ± 329,1 mg/kg). Rezultati kažejo na smotrnost zniževanja SB in aminokislinsko optimizacijo PKM za znižanje emisij amonijaka. Skupina ST-0 brez sojinih tropin ni dosegla primerljivih proizvodnih rezultatov, kar nakazuje na nezadostno oskrbo prašičev s SB ob manj kot 10 % deležu slednjih v PKM.
Keywords:	surove beljakovine, sintetične aminokisline, popolne krmne mešanice, optimizacija, amonijak
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Place of performance:	Maribor
Publisher:	R. Pahič
Year of publishing:	2025
Number of pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 82, [2] str.))
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-92927
UDC:	636.4.084/.085:504.7(043)=163.6
COBISS.SI-ID:	242041091
Publication date in DKUM:	10.07.2025
Views:	316
Downloads:	92
Metadata:
Categories:	FKBV
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	26.05.2025

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Protein Optimization in Complete Feed Mixtures in order to Reduce NH3 Emissions in Pigs
Abstract:	Crude protein (CP) is one of the key components in pig feed. In this master's thesis, the composition of complete feed mixtures (CFM) was optimized by reducing the proportion of soybean meal and supplementing it with synthetic amino acids for a two-phase fattening process. In phase BEK-1, the CP levels were 24 %, 12 %, and 0 %, and in phase BEK-2, they were 20 %, 10 %, and 0 %. 18 fattening pigs were fed these diets, divided into three groups (ST-24, ST-12, ST-0). The effects of a reduced CP content in CFMs on production performance, concentrations of urea in saliva and serum, and on the concentration of ammoniacal nitrogen in feces were examined. Groups ST-24 and ST-12 achieved comparable final body weights (125,70 ± 15,55 kg and 122,28 ± 11,10 kg), while ST-12 achieved a higher commercial carcass grade (S vs. E) due to more precise amino acid optimization of the CFM. In both fattening phases, group ST-12 had lower saliva urea concentrations (0,89 ± 0,22 mg/dL and 2,03 ± 0,73 mg/dL) compared to group ST-24 (1,95 ± 0,82 mg/dL and 2,76 ± 0,95 mg/dL), as well as lower serum urea concentrations (0,32 ± 0,12 mg/dL vs. 0,49 ± 0,27 mg/dL). The ammoniacal nitrogen concentration in the feces of the ST-12 group (1300,7 ± 15,0 mg/kg) was also lower than that of ST-24 (1434,8 ± 329,1 mg/kg). These results support the reduction of CP content and amino acid optimization of CFMs as a strategy to lower ammonia emissions. The ST-0 group, which received no soybean meal, failed to achieve a comparable production performance, indicating an insufficient CP supply when its proportion in the CFM falls below 10 %.
Keywords:	crude protein, synthetic amino acids, complete feed mixtures, optimization, ammonia

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