| Title: | Psychometric testing of the caring assessment tool: Educational version (CAT-Edu©) |
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| Authors: | ID Musović, Kasandra (Author)
ID Pajnkihar, Majda (Author)
ID Vrbnjak, Dominika (Author) |
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| Files: |  1-s2.0-S026069172500156X-main.pdf (699,66 KB)
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Scientific work |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FZV - Faculty of Health Sciences
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| Abstract: | Background
Caring is fundamental to quality nursing education, fostering effective nurse-patient relationships, empathy, and holistic care. Globally, including in Slovenia, nursing institutions struggle to integrate caring behaviors into curricula due to a lack of culturally sensitive assessment tools. This limits the measurement and development of caring competencies, potentially affecting education quality and patient outcomes.
Objectives
To translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Caring Assessment Tool-educational version (CAT-edu).
Design
A cross-sectional, descriptive study design was used to evaluate the CAT-edu's psychometric properties.
Setting
Four nursing faculties, with data collected from October 2021 until February 2022.
Participants
A convenience sample of 703 undergraduate student nurses enrolled in first-cycle Bologna degree programs.
Methods
The CAT-edu was translated using forward- and back-translation. Content validity indices were calculated to evaluate content validity by nine experts, and ten educators assessed face validity. Construct validity was evaluated through principal component analysis and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha. Data was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and RStudio.
Results
Content validity was strong, with most items achieving high content validity indices; however, three items (26, 52, and 74) scored slightly lower. Construct validity was confirmed through principal component analysis, with Bartlett's test of Sphericity (p < 0.001) and a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value of 0.974 indicating suitability. Seven components explained 59.70 % of the variance. The 62-item version showed high internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.97).
Limitations
The study lacked a test-retest reliability assessment and may have limited potential generalizability due to convenience sampling and specific sample demographics.
Conclusions
The first Slovenian version of the CAT-edu for assessing caring behaviors in nursing education is a culturally sensitive and relatively psychometrically robust instrument. It supports faculty development, curriculum enhancements, and institutional policies. Addressing gaps like noncaring behaviors can foster caring competencies and improve patient outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Caring, Education, nursing, Ssudents, psychometrics |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 12.06.2024 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 28.03.2025 |
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| Publication date: | 01.08.2025 |
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| Publisher: | Elsevier |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Numbering: | Letn. 151 št. članka 106720, Str. 1-9 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-92961  |
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| ISSN: | 0260-6917 |
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| UDC: | 616-083:378:159.938 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1532-2793 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 231007747 |
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| DOI: | 10.1016/j.nedt.2025.106720 |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 28.05.2025 |
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| Views: | 255 |
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| Downloads: | 32 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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