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Title:Notarske pogodbe za prenos lastninske pravice na nepremičninah : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Terbovšek, Lavra (Author)
ID Vrenčur, Renato (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Terbovsek_Lavra_2025.pdf (1,81 MB)
MD5: 2DF8BA0A91E61CC6E788F68461A5BBD8
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Pričujoče magistrsko delo obravnava notarske pogodbe, pri katerih veljavnost je vezana na sklenitev v obliki notarskega zapisa, ki predstavlja conditio sine qua non. V ospredju so štirje tipični instituti obligacijskega prava, pri katerih osrednji namen je v grobem prenos premoženja: darilna pogodba za primer smrti, izročilna pogodba, pogodba o dosmrtnem preživljanju in pogodba o preužitku. Čeprav so praviloma vsi povezani s prenosom lastninske pravice na nepremičninah, njihov pomen presega zgolj premoženjski vidik, saj posamezne pogodbe uresničujejo tudi pomembne socialne funkcije, kot so zagotavljanje varstva, nege in preživljanja. Skupna značilnost notarskih pogodb je stroga obličnost, ki ni zgolj formalistična zahteva, temveč bistvena pravna varovalka, namenjena krepitvi pravne varnosti, preprečevanju zlorab in zmanjševanju tveganja sporov. Neupoštevanje predpisane oblike povzroči, da pogodba nima pravnih učinkov in ostane »mrtva črka na papirju«. V tem okviru ima notar ključno preventivno in svetovalno vlogo, saj zagotavlja uravnoteženost interesov pogodbenih strank. Analiza kaže, da slovenski pravni red omogoča razmeroma široko avtonomijo pri razpolaganju s premoženjem, vendar na določenih mestih naleti na omejitve zaradi kogentnih pravil. Posebno velja poudariti, da ima dednopravne posledice zgolj izročilna pogodba, saj soglasje potomca pomeni delno odpoved dedovanju. Kljub temu se v tej luči pogodbi o dosmrtnem preživljanju in o preužitku pogosto pojavita kot predmet sodnih sporov. Njuna aleatorna narava se kaže v nujni prisotnosti tveganja. Pri obeh pogodbah mora biti nepremičnina predmet izpolnitve, pri čemer se razlikujeta glede trenutka prenosa premoženja. Pri pogodbi o dosmrtnem preživljanju je razpolagalni pravni posel obvezno odložen do smrti, medtem ko se pri pogodbi o preužitku razpolagalno dejanje preužitkarja običajno opravi že s sklenitvijo pogodbe. Normativna ureditev je tesno povezana s sodno prakso, ki razkriva posamezne vrzeli in pomanjkljivosti. Primerjalnopravna analiza z Republiko Hrvaško potrjuje sorodnost ureditev v bistvenem delu, hkrati pa izpostavlja nekatere razlike, ki nudijo uporabne primerjalne uvide. Analiza avstrijskega in nemškega pravnega sistema pokaže, da notarskih pogodb krovni zakoni praviloma ne urejajo neposredno, z izjemo darilne pogodbe za primer smrti. Kljub temu zasledujejo podobne socialne in ekonomske cilje, kot je zagotavljanje preskrbe v starosti v zameno za premoženje, vendar z drugačnimi pravnimi instrumenti. Ugotovitve potrjujejo sui generis naravo notarskih pogodb, ki povezujejo elemente obligacijskega, stvarnega in zemljiškoknjižnega prava. Notarski zapis kot forma ad valorem se izkaže kot temeljni instrument pravne varnosti in zaupanja v pravni red. Prispevek tako ne ponuja le sistematične predstavitve notarskih pogodb, temveč tudi kritično presojo posameznih vidikov.
Keywords:prenos premoženja, lastninska pravica, nepremičnine, notarski zapis, darilna pogodba za primer smrti, izročilna pogodba, pogodba o dosmrtnem preživljanju, pogodba o preužitku
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:L. Terbovšek
Year of publishing:2025
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VII, 99 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-95530 New window
UDC:347.235:347.135(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:253081347 New window
Publication date in DKUM:14.10.2025
Views:214
Downloads:94
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:24.09.2025

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Notarial Contracts for the Transfer of Ownership of Immovable Property
Abstract:This master's thesis examines notarial contracts whose validity depends on their conclusion in the form of a notarial deed, which constitutes a conditio sine qua non. The focus is on four typical institutions of Slovenian contract law, the main purpose of which is, in general, the transfer of property: the gift contract mortis causa, the deed of conveyance, the contract of lifelong maintenance and the contract of subsistence. Although, as a rule, they are all related to the transfer of ownership rights to immovable property, their significance goes beyond the purely property aspect, as individual contracts also perform important social functions, such as providing protection, care, and maintenance. A common feature of notarial contracts is their strict formality, which is not merely a formalistic requirement but an essential legal safeguard intended to strengthen legal certainty, prevent abuse, and reduce the risk of disputes. Failure to comply with the prescribed form renders the contract legally ineffective and leaves it a »dead letter on paper«. In this context, the notary plays a crucial preventive and advisory role, ensuring a balance of interests between the contracting parties. The analysis shows that the Slovenian legal system allows relatively broad autonomy in the disposal of property, although certain limitations arise from mandatory legal provisions. It should be emphasized that only the deed of conveyance produces inheritance law consequences, as the descendant's consent constitutes a partial waiver of inheritance. Nevertheless, in this light, the contract of lifelong maintenance and the contract of subsistence frequently become the subject of litigation, given their inherently aleatory nature involving an element of risk. In both contracts, immovable property must constitute the object of performance; however, they differ as to the moment when ownership is transferred. In a contract of lifelong maintenance, the dispositive legal transaction is mandatorily postponed until death, while under a contract of subsistence, the dispositive act of the transferor usually takes place upon the conclusion of the contract. The normative framework is closely linked to case law, which reveals certain gaps and deficiencies. A comparative legal analysis with the Republic of Croatia confirms substantial similarities while also highlighting some differences that offer useful comparative insights. The analysis of Austrian and German legal systems shows that notarial contracts are generally not directly regulated by general codifications, except for the gift contract mortis causa. Nevertheless, they pursue similar social and economic objectives, such as securing support in old age in exchange for property, though through different legal instruments. The findings confirm the sui generis nature of notarial contracts, which combine elements of contract law, property law, and land registry law. The notarial deed, as a forma ad valorem, proves to be a fundamental instrument of legal certainty and trust in the legal order. The thesis thus provides not only a systematic overview of notarial contracts but also a critical evaluation of their individual aspects.
Keywords:property transfer, ownership right, immovable property, notarial deed, gift mortis causa, deed of conveyance, contract of lifelong maintenance, contract of subsistence


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