| Title: | CFD implementation and preliminary validation of a combined boiling model (CBM) for two-phase closed thermosyphons |
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| Authors: | ID Štrucl, Jure (Author)
ID Marn, Jure (Author)
ID Zadravec, Matej (Author) |
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| Files: |  fluids-10-00296-v3_(1).pdf (7,85 MB)
MD5: 42E5E28B4442EE9F54EA66D68BA095D9
 https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5521/10/11/296
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Article |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FS - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering
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| Abstract: | Predicting phase-change heat transfer in two-phase closed thermosyphons (TPCTs) represents a significant challenge owing to the complex interaction of boiling, condensation, and conjugate heat transfer (CHT) mechanisms. This study presents a numerical investigation of a TPCT using the Combined Boiling Model (CBM) within a conjugate heat transfer (CHT) framework. Unlike prior TPCT studies, the CBM integrates an improved RPI-based wall boiling model with sliding bubble dynamics, a laminar film condensation closure, and Lee-type bulk phase change in a single, energy-consistent formulation suited for engineering-scale meshes and time-steps. Building on these extensions, we demonstrate the approach on a vertical TPCT with full CHT and validate it against experiments and a VOF–Lee reference. Simulations for heat loads ranging from 173 to 376 W capture key flow features, including vapour generation, vapour-pocket dynamics, and thin-film condensation, while reducing temperature deviations typically below 3% in the evaporator and adiabatic sections and about 2 to 5% in the condenser. The results confirm that the CBM provides a physically consistent and computationally efficient approach for predicting evaporation–condensation phenomena in TPCTs. |
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| Keywords: | heat pipe, thermosyphon, multiphase, conjugate heat transfer, Combined Boiling Model (CBM), Euler–Euler |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 22.10.2025 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 11.11.2025 |
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| Publication date: | 13.11.2025 |
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| Publisher: | MDPI |
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| Year of publishing: | 2025 |
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| Number of pages: | 30 str. |
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| Numbering: | Vol. 10, iss. 11, [article no.] 296 |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-96053  |
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| UDC: | 621.67:620.193.16 |
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| ISSN on article: | 2311-5521 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 258241539 |
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| DOI: | 10.3390/fluids10110296 |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 27.11.2025 |
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| Views: | 201 |
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| Downloads: | 11 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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