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Title:Odvečni zarodki skozi prizmo bioetike in prava : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Ilić, Teodora (Author)
ID Kraljić, Suzana (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
Files:.pdf MAG_Ilic_Teodora_2025.pdf (1,03 MB)
MD5: 31E16AB848D87A1A8C8DA04D3994E977
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:Pravica do življenja je ustavno varovana kategorija človekovih pravic in temeljnih svoboščin, saj je življenje nenadomestljiva dobrina, zaradi česar se mora to zagotoviti vsakomur. Številni posegi, ki so posledično kršili človekove pravice in temeljne svoboščine, so skozi zgodovino oblikovali pravice in dolžnosti posameznikov, tako izvajalcev kot oseb, na katerih se opravlja poseg. Ozko povezana z že omenjeno pravico je pravica do svobodnega odločanja o rojstvu otrok, ki predstavlja eno izmed pomembnih želja staršev. Ti bi svoj cilj dosegli po naravni poti, vendar kadar ta ni mogoča, nastopi oploditev z biomedicinsko pomočjo, pri kateri se odpirajo številne dileme. Med njimi so bioetične dileme, ki od medicinskih strokovnjakov zahtevajo prepoznavanje omejenih ciljev in vpogledov, ponujenih s pravnega vidika in z vidika pravne miselnosti. Oploditev z biomedicinsko pomočjo ponuja številne rešitve in možnosti za odpravljanje reproduktivnih težav, pri čemer so, ne glede na uspešnost posega, na tehtnico postavljene temeljne človekove pravice in svoboščine na eni strani ter napredek tehnologije na drugi strani. Spoštovanje ene pravice, obveznosti oziroma dolžnosti običajno pripelje do kršitve drugih. Ravnanje z odvečnimi zarodki prav tako predstavlja tehtnico, ki na eni strani vključuje zakonsko rešitev tega vprašanja, tj. dovolitev uničenja zarodkov po določenem času, na drugi strani pa hkrati uzakonja pravico do življenja potencialno živorojenega otroka. Dejstvo, ki bo vplivalo, na katero stran se bo tehtnica prevesila, je pravna ureditev statusa zarodka, skladno s katero posamezna država ponuja določene rešitve v različnih primerih. Konec koncev, idealne pravne ureditve statusa zarodkov ni, saj vsaka ureditev v določenih primerih krši eno izmed človekovih pravic. Republika Slovenija obravnava zarodek kot potencialno življenje, tako da ima nerojen otrok določene pravice le, če se rodi živ. Kontradiktornost nastane pri tem, da zakonodaja dopušča splav, hkrati pa omogoča uničevanje odvečnih zarodkov, pri čemer gre v obeh primerih za zarodek, ki predstavlja potencialno življenje. Številne manjše dileme pripeljejo do pomembnega vprašanja, in sicer ali je slovenska zakonodaja skladna z načeli bioetike pri ravnanju z odvečnimi zarodki. Razumevanje posameznih določb v luči načel bioetike, kot so načelo avtonomije, neškodovanja, dobrodelnosti oziroma koristi ter načelo pravičnosti, bo omogočilo odgovor na to vprašanje.
Keywords:bioetika, asistirane reproduktivne tehnologije, zarodek, zamrznjeni zarodki, odvečni zarodki.
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:T. Ilić
Year of publishing:2025
Number of pages:1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (54 str.))
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-96120 New window
UDC:349.3(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:262809603 New window
Publication date in DKUM:23.12.2025
Views:182
Downloads:81
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:PF
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:02.12.2025

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Excess embryos through the prism of bioethics and law
Abstract:The right to life is a constitutionally protected category of human rights and fundamental freedoms, because life is an irreplaceable asset, which is why it must be guaranteed to everyone. Throughout history, numerous interventions which have consequently violated human rights and fundamental freedoms have shaped the rights and duties of individuals, both the performer and the person subjected to the intervention. Closely related to the aforementioned right is the right to freely decide on the birth of children, which is one of the most important desires of parents. They would achieve their goal naturally, but when this is not possible, biomedical assisted reproduction comes into play, which raises numerous dilemmas. One of the many is bioethical dilemmas, which require medical professionals to recognize the limited goals and insights offered by law and legal thinking. Assisted reproductive technology offers numerous solutions for overcoming reproductive problems, whereby, regardless of the success of the procedure, fundamental human rights and freedoms are weighed against technological progress. Respect for one right, obligation, or duty usually leads to the violation of other rights and obligations. The handling of surplus embryos also represents a balancing act between, on the one hand, the legal solution to this issue, i.e., their destruction after a certain period of time, and, on the other hand, the right to life of a potentially viable child. The factor that will determine which side prevails is the legal regulation of the status of embryos, according to which individual countries will offer specific solutions in different cases. Ultimately, there is no ideal legal regulation of the status of embryos, as each one violates one of the human rights in certain cases. The Republic of Slovenia treats the embryo as potential life, so that an unborn child has certain rights only if it is born alive. A contradiction arises when the law prohibits abortion but at the same time allows the destruction of surplus embryos, even though in both cases the embryo represents potential life. Numerous minor dilemmas lead to a very important question, namely whether Slovenian legislation is consistent with the principles of bioethics in dealing with surplus embryos. Understanding individual provisions in the light of the principles of bioethics, namely the principles of autonomy, non-maleficence, beneficence or utility, and justice, will provide an answer to this question.
Keywords:bioethics, assisted reproductive technologies, embryo, frozen embryos, surplus embryos.


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