| Title: | High-porosity conjugated polyelectrolytes synthesized via Sonogashira–Hagihara coupling in concentrated emulsions : robust adsorptive–photocatalytic hydrogels for water pollutant removal |
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| Authors: | ID Markovič, Aleksander Saša (Author)
ID Lievens, Siebe (Author)
ID Hanozin, Emeline (Author)
ID Velimirovic, Milica (Author)
ID Pintar, Albin (Author)
ID Kovačič, Sebastijan (Author) |
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| Files: |  high-porosity-conjugated-polyelectrolytes-synthesized-via-sonogashira-hagihara-coupling-in-concentrated-emulsions.pdf (11,61 MB)
MD5: 988A8F29B2294FB6072C09A7092AA94E
 https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02304
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| Language: | English |
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| Work type: | Article |
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| Typology: | 1.01 - Original Scientific Article |
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| Organization: | FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
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| Abstract: | Conjugated polyelectrolyte (CPE) hydrogels uniquely combine π-conjugation, ionic functionality, and water compatibility in a single-polymer network. This work reports on the design, synthesis, and application of high-porosity CPE hydrogels obtained via the Sonogashira–Hagihara cross-coupling reaction as a polymerization chemistry in a high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) template. In this way, we combine the hydrophilic and π-conjugated electronic properties of CPEs with the high porosity of polymerized high internal phase emulsions (polyHIPEs or PHs), enabling the development of a multifunctional polymer platform. High-porosity CPE-PHs exhibit a surface area of up to 355 m2·g–1, excellent water uptakes of up to ∼25 g·g–1, and visible-light absorption with band edges at 720 and 610 nm and band gaps of 2.35 and 2.47 eV for anionic CPE-PH–SO3̅ and cationic CPE-PH-NMe3+, respectively. These CPE-PHs are then used to remove the endocrine-disrupting chemical bisphenol A (BPA) as a model water pollutant. The CPE-PH–SO3̅ demonstrates exceptional performance, achieving overall removal efficiencies of 93% and 96% through synergistic adsorption (∼71% and ∼50%, respectively) and visible light-driven photocatalysis (∼22% and ∼46%, respectively) during 8 and 24 h experiments. These efficiencies are among the highest reported for organic photocatalyst. In contrast, the cationic analogue CPE-PH-NMe3+ suffers from oxidative degradation and thus limited activity. Stability studies confirmed that CPE-PH–SO3̅ retains its structural and electronic integrity during prolonged operation. These results demonstrate the potential of high-porosity CPE-PH hydrogels as a multifunctional polymer platform that synergistically integrates adsorption and heterogeneous photocatalysis for robust and efficient water applications. |
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| Keywords: | adsorption, degradation, hydrogels, oxides, polymers |
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| Publication status: | Published |
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| Publication version: | Version of Record |
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| Submitted for review: | 22.08.2025 |
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| Article acceptance date: | 28.12.2025 |
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| Publication date: | 06.01.2026 |
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| Publisher: | ACS Publications |
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| Year of publishing: | 2026 |
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| Number of pages: | 12 str. |
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| PID: | 20.500.12556/DKUM-96497  |
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| UDC: | 54 |
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| ISSN on article: | 1520-5835 |
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| COBISS.SI-ID: | 263738371 |
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| DOI: | 10.1021/acs.macromol.5c02304 |
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| Copyright: | © 2026 The Authors. |
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| Publication date in DKUM: | 14.01.2026 |
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| Views: | 161 |
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| Downloads: | 7 |
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| Metadata: |    |
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| Categories: | Misc.
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