Porozni polimeri na osnovi N-vinilformamida : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje

Povše, Matic

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Title:	Porozni polimeri na osnovi N-vinilformamida : diplomsko delo visokošolskega strokovnega študijskega programa I. stopnje
Authors:	ID Povše, Matic (Author) ID Kovačič, Sebastijan (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	VS_Povse_Matic_2026.pdf (1,76 MB) MD5: 44B4B2DA2517703CC247F48E0A3654AF
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:	Porozni polimeri na osnovi N vinilformamida so zanimiv razred polimerov, tako z znanstvenega kot tudi tehnološkega vidika, saj jih je možno po polimerizaciji s funkcionalizacijo pretvoriti v bolj reaktivne analoge kot je poli(vinilamin). V diplomski nalogi smo želeli optimizirati sintezo polimeriziranih emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze iz N vinilformamida z različnimi zamreževali (N,N'-metilenbis(2-metilprop-2-enamid), N,N'-metilendi(prop-2-enamid)). Preučevali smo vpliv zamreženosti na morfologijo ter izvedli hidrolizo poli(N-vinilformamida) v poli(vinilamin). Uspešnost hidrolize smo sledili z določitvijo količine primarnih aminskih skupin s titracijo z natrijevim hidroksidom. Uporabili smo emulzije z visokim deležem notranje faze emulzijskem sistemu olje-v-vodi, kjer je notranja faza predstavljala več kot 80 % celotne prostornine emulzije. Po polimerizaciji in odstranitvi notranje faze je nastala polimerizirana emulzija z visokim deležem notranje faze z značilno zamreženo makroporozno strukturo. V nalogi smo opisali pripravo emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze z dodajanjem toluena kot notranje faze, polimerizacijo, čiščenje v etanolu in vodi ter sušenje na zraku, vakuumski pečici in sušenje s superkritičnim ogljikovim dioksidom. Izvedli smo hidrolizo poli (N-vinilformamida) v poli(vinilamin), ki je potekala z natrijevim hidroksidom. Uporabili smo metodo vrstične elektronske mikroskopije za karakterizacijo porozne morfologije. Za kemijsko karakterizacijo vzorcev smo uporabili infrardečo spektroskopijo z Fourierjevo transformacijo in »solid state« nuklearno magnetno resonanco. Skeletno gostoto vzorcev polimerov smo določili z helijevo piknometrijo, s povratno titracijo pa smo kvantificirali proste aminske skupine. V nalogi smo ugotovili, da je priprava in stabilnost monolitov polimeriziranih emulzij z visokim deležem notranje faze odvisna od stopnje zamreženosti in vrste zamreževala, ter postopka sušenja, saj je sušenje na zraku povzročilo prekomerno krčenje in drobljenje vzorca. Najboljše rezultate smo dosegli z vzorci, posušenimi s superkritičnim ogljikovim dioksidom, in z uporabo zamreževala N,N'-metilendi(prop-2-enamid).
Keywords:	poliHIPE, N-vinilformamid, poli(vinilamin), zamreževalo, hidroliza z NaOH
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Place of performance:	Maribor
Publisher:	[M. Povše]
Year of publishing:	2026
Number of pages:	1 spletni vir (1 datoteka PDF (VIII, 22 str.))
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-97465
UDC:	665.652.2(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:	273718531
Publication date in DKUM:	26.03.2026
Views:	320
Downloads:	27
Metadata:
Categories:	KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	10.03.2026

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Porous polymers based on N-vinylformamide
Abstract:	Porous polymers based on N-vinylformamide are an interesting class of polymers, both from a scientific and technological point of view, since they can be converted into more reactive analogues such as poly(vinylamine) after polymerization by functionalization. In this thesis, we aimed to optimize the synthesis of polymerized emulsions with a high proportion of the internal phase from N-vinylformamide with different crosslinkers (N,N'-methylenebis(2-methylprop-2-enamide), N,N'-methylenedi(prop-2-enamide)). We studied the effect of crosslinking on the morphology and carried out the hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) to poly(vinylamine). The success of the hydrolysis was monitored by determining the amount of primary amine groups by titration with sodium hydroxide. We used emulsions with a high proportion of the internal phase in an oil-in-water emulsion system, where the internal phase represented more than 80% of the total emulsion volume. After polymerization and removal of the internal phase, a polymerized emulsion with a high proportion of the internal phase with a characteristic crosslinked macroporous structure was formed. In this paper, we described the preparation of emulsions with a high proportion of the internal phase by adding toluene as the internal phase, polymerization, purification in ethanol and water, and drying in air, in a vacuum oven and drying with supercritical carbon dioxide. We performed the hydrolysis of poly(N-vinylformamide) to poly(vinylamine), which was carried out with sodium hydroxide. We used the scanning electron microscopy method to characterize the porous morphology. For the chemical characterization of the samples, we used Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and solid state nuclear magnetic resonance. The skeletal density of the polymer samples was determined by helium pycnometry, and free amine groups were quantified by back titration. In this paper, we found that the preparation and stability of monoliths of polymerized emulsions with a high proportion of the internal phase depended on the degree of crosslinking and the type of crosslinking agent as well as the drying process, since air drying caused excessive shrinkage and crushing of the sample. The best results were achieved with samples dried with supercritical carbon dioxide and using the crosslinker N,N'-methylenedi(prop-2-enamide).
Keywords:	polyHIPE, N-vinylformamide, poly(vinylamine), crosslinker, hydrolysis with NaOH

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