Raziskava laboratorijske priprave kali z dvojno funkcijo za potrebe hidrolize in kalcinacije proizvodnje TiO2.

Oprešnik, Jaša

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Title:	Raziskava laboratorijske priprave kali z dvojno funkcijo za potrebe hidrolize in kalcinacije proizvodnje TiO2.
Authors:	ID Oprešnik, Jaša (Author) ID Škerget, Mojca (Mentor) More about this mentor... ID Kravanja, Gregor (Comentor) ID Verhovšek, Dejan (Comentor)
Files:	UN_Opresnik_Jasa_2026.pdf (3,13 MB, This file will be accessible after 02.09.2029) MD5: 1F8C5EB8AAA856DC03108DC5B6053DE3
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Bachelor thesis/paper
Typology:	2.11 - Undergraduate Thesis
Organization:	FKKT - Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Abstract:	V diplomskem delu smo raziskovali laboratorijsko pripravo kali s postopkoma semi-nevtralizacije in peptizacije za potrebe hidrolize in kalcinacije pri proizvodnji pigmentnega titanovega dioksida po sulfatnem postopku. Kali imajo pomembno vlogo pri usmerjanju nukleacije, izkoristka hidrolize, porazdelitve velikosti delcev hidrolizata in hitrosti rutilizacije med kalcinacijo. Namen dela je bil določiti vpliv procesnih pogojev priprave kali, predvsem pH, koncentracije HCl in temperature, na njihovo fazno sestavo ter ovrednotiti njihovo uporabnost v nadaljnjih stopnjah proizvodnje TiO2. Pripravili smo semi-nevtralizacijske kali iz titanovega oksiklorida in natrijevega titanata ter peptizacijske kali s peptizacijo natrijevega titanata s HCl pri različnih koncentracijah in temperaturah. Z izbranimi kalmi smo izvedli hidrolize v pilotnem reaktorju, pridobljene hidrolizate pripravili na kalcinacijo in jo tudi izvedli. Fazno sestavo kali in kalcinatov smo določili z rentgensko praškovno difrakcijo, morfologijo vzorcev s SEM, porazdelitev velikosti delcev hidrolizatov z lasersko difrakcijo, optične lastnosti kalcinatov pa z določitvijo efektivnosti sipanja svetlobe. Ugotovili smo, da kali z večjim deležem anatasne faze omogočajo učinkovitejšo hidrolizo, medtem ko večji delež rutilne faze v peptizacijskih kalih negativno vpliva na njen izkoristek. Semi-nevtralizacijske kali so se izkazale kot posebno primerne, saj so omogočile dober potek hidrolize, hitrejšo rutilizacijo med kalcinacijo ter ugodne optične lastnosti končnega kalcinata. Rezultati potrjujejo, da lahko z ustreznim nadzorom sestave in pogojev priprave kali pomembno vplivamo na potek hidrolize, fazno pretvorbo med kalcinacijo in kakovost pigmenta TiO2.
Keywords:	titanov dioksid, sulfatni postopek, kali, hidroliza, kalcinacija
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Year of publishing:	2026
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-99503
Publication date in DKUM:	07.09.2026
Views:	128
Downloads:	0
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Categories:	KTFMB - FKKT
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Licences

License:	CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

Link:	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:	The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:	18.08.2026

Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Research on the laboratory preparation of dual-activity seeds for the hydrolysis and calcination stages of TiO2 production
Abstract:	As part of the bachelors thesis, the laboratory preparation of seeds using the semi-neutralization and peptization approach has been investigated for their use in the hydrolysis and calcination stages of pigment-grade titanium dioxide production via the sulfate process. Titanium dioxide seeds play an important role in controlling nucleation, hydrolysis yield, the particle-size distribution of the hydrolysate, and the rate of rutilization during calcination. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of seeds preparation conditions - primarily pH, HCl concentration, and temperature - on their phase composition and to evaluate their applicability in subsequent stages of TiO2 production. Semi-neutralization seeds were prepared from titanium oxychloride and sodium titanate, while peptization seeds were prepared by peptizing sodium titanate with HCl at different concentrations and temperatures. Hydrolysis experiments were performed in a pilot reactor using selected seeds. The resulting hydrolysates were prepared for calcination and subsequently calcined. The phase composition of the seeds and calcined products was determined by X-ray powder diffraction, sample morphology was examined by SEM, the particle-size distribution of the hydrolysates was measured by laser diffraction, and the optical properties of the calcined products were evaluated by determining their light-scattering efficiency. The results showed that seeds with a higher proportion of the anatase phase enabled more efficient hydrolysis, whereas a higher proportion of the rutile phase in peptization seeds negatively affected hydrolysis yield. Semi-neutralization seeds proved particularly suitable, as they enabled favourable hydrolysis behaviour, faster rutilization during calcination, and favourable optical properties of the final calcined product. The results confirm that appropriate control of seed composition and preparation conditions can significantly influence the hydrolysis process, phase transformation during calcination, and the quality of the TiO2 pigment.
Keywords:	titanium dioxide, sulfate process, seeds, hydrolysis, calcination

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