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Title:Primerjava prehrane med lisico (Vulpes vulpes) in šakalom (Canis aureus) z uporabo stabilnih izotopov : magistrsko delo
Authors:ID Amanda, Poplas (Author)
ID Janžekovič, Franc (Mentor) More about this mentor... New window
ID Flajšman, Katarina (Comentor)
ID Levanič, Tom (Comentor)
Files:.pdf MAG_Poplas_Amanda_2026.pdf (4,54 MB)
MD5: 2283D3CA066341BD6747345A2060E143
 
Language:Slovenian
Work type:Master's thesis/paper
Typology:2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:FNM - Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics
Abstract:Razumevanje prehranske ekologije je ključno za ocenjevanje izkoriščanja virov, trofičnih odnosov in sobivanja med simpatričnimi zvermi. V tej nalogi smo s pomočjo analize stabilnih izotopov δ¹³C in δ¹⁵N preučevali trofično ekologijo in diferenciacijo ekoloških niš navadne lisice (Vulpes vulpes) in evrazijskega šakala (Canis aureus) v Sloveniji. Analizirali smo vzorce mišičnega tkiva 117 osebkov lisic in 14 osebkov šakalov. Med vrstama ni bila ugotovljena statistično značilna razlika v vrednostih δ¹⁵N, kar kaže na podobna trofična položaja in precejšnje prekrivanje njunih trofičnih niš. Nasprotno so se vrednosti δ¹³C značilno razlikovale, pri čemer so imeli šakali manj negativne vrednosti δ¹³C kot lisice. To nakazuje na večjo uporabo prehranskih virov iz odprtih, kmetijskih in antropogeno spremenjenih habitatov, medtem ko so lisice pokazale močnejšo povezanost z gozdnimi habitati in prehranskimi viri, katerih ogljik izvira predvsem iz rastlin s C₃-fotosintezo. Analiza SIBER je nadalje pokazala širšo izotopsko nišo pri lisicah, kar je skladno z večjo prehransko prilagodljivostjo, medtem ko so šakali zasedali ožjo nišo. Kljub delnemu prekrivanju niš in potencialni kompeticiji se zdi, da razlike v izkoriščanju virov in rabi habitatov vrstama omogočajo sobivanje. Rezultati tako kažejo, da sobivanje med lisicami in šakali temelji predvsem na delni razdelitvi ekoloških niš in manj na razlikah v trofičnem položaju. Analiza stabilnih izotopov omogoča dolgoročnejši vpogled v prehranske navade in rabo virov ter je zato primerna za preučevanje prehranske ekologije in mehanizmov sobivanja ekološko podobnih vrst. Dobljeni rezultati ponujajo dragocen vpogled v ekološke interakcije, izkoriščanje virov in mehanizme sobivanja teh dveh vse bolj razširjenih simpatričnih mezokarnivorov
Keywords:Vulpes vulpes, Canis aureus, prehrana, stabilni izotopi, trofični položaj
Place of publishing:Maribor
Place of performance:Maribor
Publisher:[A. Poplas]
Year of publishing:2026
Number of pages:83 str.
PID:20.500.12556/DKUM-99631 New window
UDC:591.5:577.1(043.2)
COBISS.SI-ID:292503555 New window
Publication date in DKUM:25.09.2026
Views:12
Downloads:0
Metadata:XML DC-XML DC-RDF
Categories:FNM
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Licences

License:CC BY-NC-ND 4.0, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
Link:http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Description:The most restrictive Creative Commons license. This only allows people to download and share the work for no commercial gain and for no other purposes.
Licensing start date:21.08.2026

Secondary language

Language:English
Title:Comparison of the diets of the fox (Vulpes vulpes) and the jackal (Canis aureus) using stable isotopes
Abstract:Understanding dietary ecology is crucial for assessing resource utilisation, trophic relationships, and coexistence among sympatric carnivores. In this study, we used stable isotope analysis of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N to investigate the trophic ecology and niche differentiation of the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) and Eurasian jackal (Canis aureus) in Slovenia. We analysed muscle tissue samples from 117 fox and 14 jackal individuals. No statistically significant difference in δ¹⁵N values was found between the two species, indicating similar trophic positions and considerable overlap in their trophic niches. In contrast, δ¹³C values differed significantly, with jackals having less negative δ¹³C values than red foxes. This suggests greater utilisation of food resources from open, agricultural, and anthropogenically altered habitats, whereas foxes showed a stronger association with forest habitats and food resources whose carbon originates primarily from C₃-photosynthesising plants. SIBER analysis further revealed a broader isotopic niche in foxes, consistent with greater dietary flexibility, whereas jackals occupied a narrower niche. Despite partial niche overlap and potential competition, differences in resource utilisation and habitat use appear to enable the two species to coexist. The results therefore suggest that coexistence between these species is based primarily on partial ecological niche partitioning rather than differences in trophic position. Stable isotope analysis provides longer-term insights into dietary habits and resource utilisation and is therefore well suited to studying dietary ecology and coexistence mechanisms in ecologically similar species. The results provide valuable insights into the ecological interactions, resource utilisation, and coexistence of these two increasingly widespread sympatric mesocarnivores.
Keywords:Vulpes vulpes, Canis aureus, diet, stable isotopes, trophic position


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