Centralizacija izvajanja lokalnih negospodarskih javnih služb

Unterlehner, Darja

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Title:	Centralizacija izvajanja lokalnih negospodarskih javnih služb
Authors:	ID Unterlehner, Darja (Author) ID Brezovnik, Boštjan (Mentor) More about this mentor...
Files:	MAG_Unterlehner_Darja_2016.pdf (1,93 MB) MD5: EA6A9CF4500490B99467AAB6D109E764
Language:	Slovenian
Work type:	Master's thesis
Typology:	2.09 - Master's Thesis
Organization:	PF - Faculty of Law
Abstract:	Način zagotavljanja lokalnih storitev se od države do države zelo razlikuje, razlike so tudi znotraj same države. Temeljne samoupravne lokalne skupnosti (občine), ki so tudi sicer najbliže ljudem, so odgovorne za izvajanje storitev v javnem interesu. Na nivoju lokalne samouprave je mogoče lokalne negospodarske javne službe zagotavljati na sledeče načine: občine neposredno same (govorimo o t.i. in-house production) ali posredno z delegiranjem pristojnosti drugim organizacijskim oblikam. V kolikor občina sama zagotavlja izvajanje storitev, bo v ta namen oblikovala notranje-organizacijsko enoto v okviru občinske uprave ali pa ustanovila subjekt z določeno stopnjo finančne in upravne/administrativne samostojnosti. Občina pa lahko za izvajanje storitev pooblasti tudi neko drugo samostojno entiteto (v takih primerih obstaja cela paleta različnih možnosti), najpogostejši obliki posrednega izvajanja storitev pa sta javno podjetje ali gospodarska družba s koncesijo. V zadnjem času se v Evropi pojavlja še en »hibridni« način izvajanja lokalnih javnih služb; gre za mešana občinska podjetja, insitucionalizirana v obliki javno-zasebnega partnerstva. V večini držav članic EU se storitve kot so izobraževanje in varstvo otrok pa tudi dolgotrajna oskrba starejših zagotavljajo neposredno v okviru lokalnih oblasti na lokalni ravni. Področje izvajanja negospodarskih javnih služb v Sloveniji v edini pravno-organizacijski obliki »javnega zavoda« še vedno ostaja nedorečeno in zastarelo ter v popolnem nasprotju od organizacije v drugih evropskih državah. Po osamosvojiti Slovenije je veliko število različnih organizacij pridobilo in še do danes ohranilo status javnega zavoda, čeprav niso in še danes ne izvajajo javne službe po njeni vsebini, ali pa je izvajanje te dejavnosti samo zanemarljivi del njihove celotne dejavnosti, kar jih na trgu postavlja v ugodnejši položaj. Danes imamo 1500 javnih zavodov, kar zagotovo predstavlja težave v smislu stroškovne prezahtevnosti in oteženem nadzoru pri finančnem poslovanju izvajalcev teh storitev (nepreglednost). Glede na 25 let staro organizacijsko obliko je čas, da po vzoru drugih držav poiščemo primernejše oblike izvajalcev negospodarskih javnih služb.
Keywords:	javni zavod, lokalne negospodarske javne službe, neposredno zagotavljanje storitev
Place of publishing:	Maribor
Publisher:	[D. Unterlehner]
Year of publishing:	2016
PID:	20.500.12556/DKUM-61319
UDC:	352(043.3)
COBISS.SI-ID:	5186859
NUK URN:	URN:SI:UM:DK:Y21IOBVV
Publication date in DKUM:	10.10.2016
Views:	1650
Downloads:	183
Metadata:
Categories:	PF
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Secondary language

Language:	English
Title:	Centralization of providing local services of non-economic interest
Abstract:	Provided local services may vary from country to country or even within a country. Local government [municipality] is the sphere of government closest to the people and it is responsible to ensure that services in general interest are delivered to the community. Utility services can be provided directly by the municipality – in house production (in these cases, the municipalities have the possibility to provide services through its internal organizational units (departments, services)), or indirectly through delegation to other structures. If a municipality chooses to deliver the services itself, it can establish a municipal department or create a structure with some degree of financial and administrative autonomy. If, on the other hand, a municipality chooses to deliver the services through an autonomous entity, the array of options deepens (municipal company and the private (concessionary) company). Recently, another ‘hybrid’ mode of provision arose in Europe; mixed (municipal) companies are institutionalized public-private partnerships (PPPs) where the public and private partners are equity owners. Most EU Member States providing services such as education and child care as well as long-term care for the elderly directly by the local public authorities at local level. The sphere of services of non-economic interest in Slovenia in the only legal-organizational form of “public institution” remains ambiguous and outdated and it is completely opposite to organizations in other European countries. After Slovenia become independent a large number of different organizations acquired and kept its status as public institutions, although they still do not execute public service according to its contents or the execution of these activities present only the least possible part of their overall activities, which also sets them on the market on a more favourable position. Today there is 1500 public institutions, which certainly mean the problems in the meaning of the hight costs and difficulty of control of the financial operations of service providers (opacity). According to the 25-year-old form of organization it is time to following the example of other countries and find appropriate forms of providers of non-economic public service.
Keywords:	public institute, local services of non-economic interest, directly provided services

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